Physio-metabolic response, immune function, epigenetic markers, and reproductive performance of rabbits under environmental stress: the mitigating role of boswellia essential oil nanoemulsion.

IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES
Sameh A Abdelnour, Mahmoud Abdelaal, Ramya Ahmad Sindi, Mohammed A Alfattah, Wael A Khalil, Laila B Bahgat, Asmaa M Sheiha
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Abstract

Global warming poses a significant threat to reproductive health of rabbits. Sustainable nutritional strategies are crucial for ensuring rabbit production and maintaining food security under these challenging conditions. This study sought to assess the protective benefits of dietary boswellia essential oil nano-emulsion (BEON) against oxidative stress, immune dysregulation, ferroptosis, and organ damage in female rabbits exposed to severe thermal stress. A total of 120 female rabbits were divided into four groups of 30 rabbits each. The rabbits were fed a basal diet supplemented with 0 (BEON0), 0.25 (BEON0.25), 0.5 (BEON0.5), and 1.0 (BEON1.0) mL of BEON per kilogram of diet. Results demonstrated that the BEON1.0 group exhibited significantly higher levels of IgG, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), while the BEON0.25 group showed elevated levels of IgM, catalase, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (P < 0.05). All BEON treatments significantly reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (P < 0.01). Serum levels of progesterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were significantly elevated in the BEON0.5 and BEON1.0 groups compared to the control group (P < 0.01). A significant decrease in adipokine levels was observed in all BEON-supplemented groups compared to the control group (P < 0.05). All BEON groups demonstrated a modulation of ferroptosis pathways, characterized by decreased heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expression and upregulated expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and cystine transporter solute carrier 7A11 (SLC7A11) in ovarian tissues (P < 0.01). Furthermore, DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) expression increased in a dose-dependent manner with increasing BEON supplementation. Histological analysis revealed an improvement in the architecture of the liver, uterine horns, and ovarian tissues in rabbits fed BEON. Integrating BEON at doses of 0.5-1.0 mL/kg diet significantly improved reproductive performance in stressed female rabbits. PCA and correlation analyses demonstrated a positive correlation between BEON supplementation and immune function, reproductive hormone levels, and antioxidant status, while a negative correlation was observed with MDA and adipokine concentrations in rabbit serum. In conclusion, BEON supplementation demonstrates promise as a sustainable nutritional strategy for the rabbit industry, particularly in mitigating the challenges posed by global warming.

环境应激下家兔的生理代谢反应、免疫功能、表观遗传标记和繁殖性能:乳香精油纳米乳的缓解作用
全球变暖对家兔的生殖健康构成重大威胁。在这些具有挑战性的条件下,可持续营养战略对于确保兔子生产和维持粮食安全至关重要。本研究旨在评估饲粮乳香精油纳米乳(BEON)对暴露于严重热应激的雌性兔的氧化应激、免疫失调、铁中毒和器官损伤的保护作用。将120只雌性家兔分为4组,每组30只。饲喂基础饲粮,每千克饲粮中添加0 (BEON0)、0.25 (BEON0.25)、0.5 (BEON0.5)和1.0 (BEON1.0) mL的BEON。结果表明,BEON1.0组血清IgG、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)水平显著升高,BEON0.25组血清IgM、过氧化氢酶和总抗氧化能力(TAC)水平显著升高
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来源期刊
BMC Veterinary Research
BMC Veterinary Research VETERINARY SCIENCES-
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
3.80%
发文量
420
审稿时长
3-6 weeks
期刊介绍: BMC Veterinary Research is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on all aspects of veterinary science and medicine, including the epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of medical conditions of domestic, companion, farm and wild animals, as well as the biomedical processes that underlie their health.
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