Circulating miR-486-3p as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus and the prediction of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Abstract

Objective: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) seriously endangers the health of pregnant women and their offspring. Early prediction and diagnosis allow timely treatment of GDM, preventing adverse pregnancy outcomes and related diseases. This research aims to explore the predictive significance of miR-486-3p expression levels in diagnosing GDM in early pregnancy.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted by enrolling 103 subjects with GDM and 98 healthy subjects. qRT-PCR was used to analyze the expression level of miR-486-3p. The chi-square test and t-test were used to evaluate the differences in miR-486-3p expression levels between the GDM and control groups. The predictive value of miR-486-3p in early diagnosis of GDM was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC). Potential indicators that may lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes in patients with GDM were predicted by multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Results: Downregulation of miR-486-3p expression level was observed in the GDM group compared with healthy individuals. The predictive value of miR-486-3p for early diagnosis of GDM was indicated by the ROC curve. The expression level of miR-486-3p in the GDM group was negatively correlated with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG), homeostasis model-insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), and leptin (LEP). Multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that miR-486-3p, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, and FBG could be regarded as adverse pregnancy outcome risk factors in GDM subjects.

Conclusion: miR-486-3p showed a clinical predictive value for GDM in early pregnancy. miR-486-3p, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, and FBG indicators can be considered adverse pregnancy outcome risk factors in GDM patients.