{"title":"Relativistic ponderomotive force in the regime of extreme focusing.","authors":"Johan Ribbing, Giovanni Perosa, Vitaliy Goryashko","doi":"10.1364/OL.546892","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>When charged particles interact with laser fields, they are usually thought to be pushed out from the regions of higher laser intensity via the mechanism known as the ponderomotive force (PMF). In contrast to the existing theories, we show that there exist several regimes in which charged particles are drawn into the regions of strongly focused laser fields. We derive a simple, covariant, and relativistically correct expression for the ponderomotive laser force that holds for arbitrary strength of field focusing and for all particle velocities. We predict three new, to the best of our knowledge, physical effects: (1) focusing-dependent reversal of PMF, (2) non-relativistic reversal of PMF, and (3) non-reciprocity of PMF for weakly relativistic particle velocities.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 6","pages":"2093-2096"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Optics letters","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.546892","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"OPTICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
When charged particles interact with laser fields, they are usually thought to be pushed out from the regions of higher laser intensity via the mechanism known as the ponderomotive force (PMF). In contrast to the existing theories, we show that there exist several regimes in which charged particles are drawn into the regions of strongly focused laser fields. We derive a simple, covariant, and relativistically correct expression for the ponderomotive laser force that holds for arbitrary strength of field focusing and for all particle velocities. We predict three new, to the best of our knowledge, physical effects: (1) focusing-dependent reversal of PMF, (2) non-relativistic reversal of PMF, and (3) non-reciprocity of PMF for weakly relativistic particle velocities.
期刊介绍：
The Optical Society (OSA) publishes high-quality, peer-reviewed articles in its portfolio of journals, which serve the full breadth of the optics and photonics community.
Optics Letters offers rapid dissemination of new results in all areas of optics with short, original, peer-reviewed communications. Optics Letters covers the latest research in optical science, including optical measurements, optical components and devices, atmospheric optics, biomedical optics, Fourier optics, integrated optics, optical processing, optoelectronics, lasers, nonlinear optics, optical storage and holography, optical coherence, polarization, quantum electronics, ultrafast optical phenomena, photonic crystals, and fiber optics. Criteria used in determining acceptability of contributions include newsworthiness to a substantial part of the optics community and the effect of rapid publication on the research of others. This journal, published twice each month, is where readers look for the latest discoveries in optics.
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