{"title":"Precision analysis of ToF LiDAR in atmospheric turbulence channels.","authors":"Tianzhu Zhang, Zhongji Yan, Anning Pang, Anhong Dang","doi":"10.1364/OL.554208","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper derives and verifies the ranging precision of time-of-flight (ToF) light detection and ranging (LiDAR) in atmospheric turbulence channels. Double-passage atmospheric turbulence channels satisfying the Gamma-Gamma distribution are simulated in the laboratory using a random phase screen, and the derived Cramer-Rao lower bounds (CRLBs) for LiDAR ranging in Gamma-Gamma channels are verified by the Monte Carlo (MC) simulation and experiment. The CRLBs demonstrate that the precision values at Rytov variances of 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75 are 1.45, 2.07, and 2.91 times those at a Rytov variance of zero for the ToF LiDAR, respectively. Consequently, this paper provides a theoretical foundation for the deployment of high-precision LiDAR applications in turbulent channels.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 6","pages":"2077-2080"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Optics letters","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.554208","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"OPTICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
This paper derives and verifies the ranging precision of time-of-flight (ToF) light detection and ranging (LiDAR) in atmospheric turbulence channels. Double-passage atmospheric turbulence channels satisfying the Gamma-Gamma distribution are simulated in the laboratory using a random phase screen, and the derived Cramer-Rao lower bounds (CRLBs) for LiDAR ranging in Gamma-Gamma channels are verified by the Monte Carlo (MC) simulation and experiment. The CRLBs demonstrate that the precision values at Rytov variances of 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75 are 1.45, 2.07, and 2.91 times those at a Rytov variance of zero for the ToF LiDAR, respectively. Consequently, this paper provides a theoretical foundation for the deployment of high-precision LiDAR applications in turbulent channels.
期刊介绍：
The Optical Society (OSA) publishes high-quality, peer-reviewed articles in its portfolio of journals, which serve the full breadth of the optics and photonics community.
Optics Letters offers rapid dissemination of new results in all areas of optics with short, original, peer-reviewed communications. Optics Letters covers the latest research in optical science, including optical measurements, optical components and devices, atmospheric optics, biomedical optics, Fourier optics, integrated optics, optical processing, optoelectronics, lasers, nonlinear optics, optical storage and holography, optical coherence, polarization, quantum electronics, ultrafast optical phenomena, photonic crystals, and fiber optics. Criteria used in determining acceptability of contributions include newsworthiness to a substantial part of the optics community and the effect of rapid publication on the research of others. This journal, published twice each month, is where readers look for the latest discoveries in optics.
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