Retraction Notice: A Proposed MIMO Antenna Prototype for Frequency Identification

IF 4.3 2区综合性期刊 Q1 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

IEEE Sensors Journal Pub Date : 2025-03-06 DOI:10.1109/JSEN.2025.3546793

Amin H. Al Ka’bi

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Frequency Identification in Cognitive Radio (CR) networks is the key step to find the unused frequencies, so CR networks use less bandwidth and energy. The MIMO antenna system which is proposed for spectrum sensing in CR systems is a small super-wideband (SWB) design, which includes three band-notched diversity antennas. There are four identical semi-elliptical monopole antennas, directed perpendicularly with feed lines gently widened CWG type, which constitute a MIMO antenna. Every SWB characteristic has an antenna that has the cross-slot carved through its bottom just like a radiator. The antenna radiator is composed of two linked slits that replicate the image of the split ring resonator and also have a backward-S shaped slit to ensure that there is no negative impact on SWB. The antenna has a bandwidth ratio of 36:1mm and 0.2-43mm waves. In addition, 18dB of isolation and an envelope correlation coefficient of less than 0.01 have been implemented in a resonant frequency band for the MIMO antenna that has orthogonally placed antenna elements. On a frequency of 3.5GHz, 5.5GHz, and 8.5GHz, the gain level drops leading to a maximum gain of 4 dBi for the antenna. The proposed antenna has higher bandwidth ratio and hence incorporates easily into an existing RF equipment. In this manner, this SWB, MIMO antenna demonstrates superiority over those mentioned in the literature with a multi-notched band. In the same manner, we obtain three small super-wideband (SWB), which have not been filtered, so, the design and implementation of the antenna is feasible.

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认知无线电（CR）网络中的频率识别是找到未使用频率的关键步骤，从而减少 CR 网络的带宽和能耗。为在 CR 系统中进行频谱感知而提出的多输入多输出（MIMO）天线系统是一种小型超宽带（SWB）设计，包括三个带缺口的分集天线。有四个相同的半椭圆形单极天线，垂直指向，馈线为加宽的 CWG 型，构成一个 MIMO 天线。每个 SWB 特性都有一个底部刻有横槽的天线，就像一个辐射器。天线辐射器由两个相连的狭缝组成，这两个狭缝复制了分裂环谐振器的形象，还具有一个向后的 S 形狭缝，以确保不会对 SWB 产生负面影响。天线的带宽比为 36:1mm，波长为 0.2-43mm。此外，具有正交放置天线元件的多输入多输出（MIMO）天线在共振频段实现了 18dB 的隔离度和小于 0.01 的包络相关系数。在 3.5 千兆赫、5.5 千兆赫和 8.5 千兆赫频率上，增益水平下降，导致天线的最大增益为 4 dBi。拟议的天线具有更高的带宽比，因此很容易集成到现有的射频设备中。因此，这种 SWB MIMO 天线比文献中提到的多缺口频带天线更具优势。同样，我们还获得了三个未滤波的小型超宽带（SWB），因此，该天线的设计和实施是可行的。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

IEEE Sensors Journal 工程技术-工程：电子与电气

CiteScore

7.70

自引率

14.00%

发文量

2058

审稿时长

5.2 months

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