Utilization of boron–containing industrial waste in MgO–C refractories: Assessing oxidation resistance at 1300–1500 °C

Abstract

This study investigates the feasibility of utilizing low–cost TiB₂–BN–AlN industrial waste as an alternative to expensive boron–containing antioxidants in low–carbon MgO–C refractories, with a focus on performance at 1500 °C. The results demonstrate that the incorporation of boron–containing industrial waste achieves the lowest recorded oxidation index (27.5 %), with minimal impact from temperature fluctuations on its oxidation resistance. The synergistic interactions among TiB₂, BN, and AlN facilitate the formation of a dense protective layer, effectively preventing oxygen infiltration and reducing reactive interactions with the base material. This improvement is attributed primarily to the formation of specific phases such as Mg₃B₂O₆, Mg₂TiO₄, and Mg₂SiO₄, which collectively enhance the material’s density and oxidation resistance. The incorporation of boron–containing industrial waste into MgO–C refractories not only greatly improves their oxidation resistance but also offers an innovative solution for industrial waste recycling. This approach underscores its considerable potential for economic benefits and improved sustainability. By optimizing the utilization of available resources, it provides valuable practical insights and a pathway for advancing the development of environmentally friendly refractories in future research.