A recyclable solvent for recovering silver in Polysilicon photovoltaics panels: BeCl-EG-CuCl2 solvents system

IF 12.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of Hazardous Materials Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137909

Zhihang Huang, Feihong Guo, Zhibao Xu, Yuxiu Duan, Xue Lan, Xiaoxiang Jiang

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Abstract

A deep eutectic solvent (DES) was prepared using betaine hydrochloride (BeCl) and ethylene glycol (EG), enabling efficient leaching of silver (Ag) through the addition of cupper chloride (CuCl₂). The reaction process was environmentally friendly, avoiding the strong acids and alkalis typically required in traditional hydrometallurgical recycling. Under the optimized conditions (100°C, 45 min, solid-liquid ratio 1:500, 0.1 mol/L CuCl₂), Ag leaching efficiencies of 100% (pure Ag) and 99.86±0.12% (PV panels) were achieved. Kinetic analysis indicated that the leaching process was governed by a chemical surface reaction model, with an apparent activation energy of 35.02 kJ·mol^-1. The reaction mechanism study showed that the polar environment provided by the DES, along with the strong oxidizing property of Cu²⁺, were crucial to the reaction success. Remarkably, the leaching efficiency of the DES remained high at 95.87% even after 24 cycles of reuse. A life cycle assessment of the reaction process demonstrated that DES recycling is significantly more environmentally friendly compared to conventional hydrometallurgical recycling.

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来源期刊

Journal of Hazardous Materials 工程技术-工程：环境

CiteScore

25.40

自引率

5.90%

发文量

3059

审稿时长

58 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Hazardous Materials serves as a global platform for promoting cutting-edge research in the field of Environmental Science and Engineering. Our publication features a wide range of articles, including full-length research papers, review articles, and perspectives, with the aim of enhancing our understanding of the dangers and risks associated with various materials concerning public health and the environment. It is important to note that the term "environmental contaminants" refers specifically to substances that pose hazardous effects through contamination, while excluding those that do not have such impacts on the environment or human health. Moreover, we emphasize the distinction between wastes and hazardous materials in order to provide further clarity on the scope of the journal. We have a keen interest in exploring specific compounds and microbial agents that have adverse effects on the environment.