A case of neonatal gastric teratoma complicated with occult gastrointestinal hemorrhage misdiagnosed as lymphangioma.

Bin De Li, Kexiang Wei
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Abstract

Background: Gastric teratoma is a rare neoplasm, particularly in neonates, and usually presents as a palpable abdominal mass. However, severe occult gastrointestinal bleeding is uncommon and often misdiagnosed. Imaging studies are crucial for the preoperative diagnosis of neonatal teratoma, but definitive diagnosis relies on pathological examination.

Case presentation: A 28-day-old boy presented with abdominal distension accompanied by vomiting for 2 days without hematemesis or melena. A complete blood count upon admission showed a hemoglobin level of 37 g/L. Ultrasound and computed tomography scans indicated a large cystic, solid mass in the abdominal cavity (approximately 9.8 × 8.8 × 11.2 cm), containing nodules, septa, calcification, and fat, and causing gastrointestinal compression. The mass was misdiagnosed as lymphangioma with hemorrhage before surgery. During surgery, the upper pole of the tumor was found to be fused with the gastric wall of the greater curvature of the fundus of the stomach, with most of the tumor growing exophytically and a small portion growing into the gastric lumen. The tumor, along with part of the gastric wall at the attachment site, was completely removed. Postoperative pathological examination revealed an immature teratoma grade 1. After discharge, the patient's growth and development were normal, with no adverse manifestations.

Conclusions: Neonatal gastric teratoma with severe occult gastrointestinal bleeding is extremely rare and hence must be on the list of differential diagnoses of neonatal abdominal mass when a cystic solid mass is found, especially when accompanied by severe anemia without obvious gastrointestinal bleeding. Attention should be paid to the location of the lesion, which is predominantly in the left upper abdomen and has been significantly pushed and displaced by the gastrointestinal tract, and to the imaging characteristics of teratoma such as fat and calcification, which help to exclude other palpable masses encountered during the neonatal period.

新生儿胃畸胎瘤合并消化道隐性出血误诊为淋巴管瘤1例。
背景:胃畸胎瘤是一种罕见的肿瘤,尤其是在新生儿中,通常表现为可触及的腹部肿块。然而,严重的隐性消化道出血并不常见,且常被误诊。影像学检查对新生儿畸胎瘤的术前诊断至关重要,但最终诊断依赖于病理检查。病例介绍:一名28日龄男孩,腹胀伴呕吐2天,无呕血或黑黑。入院时全血细胞计数显示血红蛋白水平为37 g/L。超声和计算机断层扫描显示腹腔内有一个巨大的囊性实性肿块(约9.8 × 8.8 × 11.2 cm),包含结节、间隔、钙化和脂肪,并引起胃肠道压迫。术前误诊为淋巴管瘤伴出血。术中发现肿瘤上极与胃底大弯曲胃壁融合,大部分肿瘤外生性生长,少部分肿瘤进入胃腔。肿瘤连同附著部位的部分胃壁被完全切除。术后病理检查示未成熟畸胎瘤1级。出院后,患者生长发育正常,无不良表现。结论:新生儿胃畸胎瘤合并严重隐性胃肠道出血极为罕见,当发现囊性实性肿块时,尤其当伴有严重贫血而无明显胃肠道出血时,应列入新生儿腹部肿块的鉴别诊断。应注意病变的位置,病变主要位于左上腹部,已被胃肠道推移位明显,并注意畸胎瘤的影像学特征,如脂肪、钙化等,有助于排除新生儿期遇到的其他可触及肿块。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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