Plant-Based Diet and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Journal of Renal Nutrition Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI:10.1053/j.jrn.2025.03.002

Zihan Dang EdD , Yifan He MD , Ruiqian Xie PhD , Peilin Chen MSc , Fengyu Dong EdD

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective

We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analyses to evaluate the impact of plant-based diet (PBD) on chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods

A systematic search of PubMed and Embase was conducted from inception to August 2023 to evaluate the association between adopting a PBD and the incidence, progression, and mortality of CKD. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using a random effects model. This meta-analysis was preregistered in the PROSPERO.

Results

A total of 121,927 participants were included, aged between 18 and 74 years, and were followed up for a weighted average of 11.2 years. Adopting PBD is associated with a significantly reduced risk of developing CKD OR = 0.75, 95% CI (0.65-0.86), P < .0001] across 93,857 participants. Similar results were observed in subgroup analyses that examined higher quintiles/quartiles (Q2-Q5) and tertiles (T2-T3) of PBD versus Q1/T1, with overall effect measures of 0.92 (95% CI; 0.86-0.98) and 0.88 (95% CI; 0.82-0.93), respectively. When adjusting for CKD-related comorbidities in patients following PBD (adjusted models M1, M2, and M3), significant findings were also observed, with an overall OR of 0.86 (95% CI; 0.79-0.93).

Conclusion

Adopting PBD was significantly associated with 26% lower incidences of CKD. Higher intake of PBD showed a dose-dependent relationship with lower risk of CKD incidence and slower CKD progression. Unhealthy PBD may not confer renal protective effects compared to healthy PBD.

查看原文本刊更多论文

植物性饮食与慢性肾病：系统回顾与元分析》。

目的：我们旨在进行一项系统综述和荟萃分析，以评估植物性饮食（PBD）对慢性肾脏疾病（CKD）的影响。方法：系统检索PubMed和Embase，从成立到2023年8月，评估采用PBD与CKD发病率、进展和死亡率之间的关系。使用随机效应模型估计优势比（ORs）和95%置信区间（ci）。该荟萃分析已在PROSPERO中预先登记。结果：共纳入121,927名参与者，年龄在18 - 74岁之间，加权平均随访11.2年。采用PBD与CKD发生风险显著降低相关OR=0.75, 95% CI(0.65, 0.86)，结论：采用PBD与CKD发病率降低26%显著相关。较高的PBD摄入量与较低的CKD发病率和较慢的CKD进展呈剂量依赖关系。与健康PBD相比，不健康PBD可能不具有肾脏保护作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Renal Nutrition 医学-泌尿学与肾脏学

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

12.50%

发文量

146

审稿时长

6.7 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of Renal Nutrition is devoted exclusively to renal nutrition science and renal dietetics. Its content is appropriate for nutritionists, physicians and researchers working in nephrology. Each issue contains a state-of-the-art review, original research, articles on the clinical management and education of patients, a current literature review, and nutritional analysis of food products that have clinical relevance.