Genetic diversity of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in 1099 wild animals and 273 imported pastured donkeys in northern China.

IF 3 2区医学 Q1 PARASITOLOGY

Parasites & Vectors Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI:10.1186/s13071-025-06739-6

Ziqi Wang, Nannan Cui, Jia Zhang, Zhixian Jiang, Ruiqi Song, Wenbo Tan, Meihua Yang, Sándor Hornok, Yuanzhi Wang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Enterocytozoon bieneusi is the most frequently detected microsporidian species in humans, wildlife and domestic animals. In northern China, to the best of our knowledge, no information on E. bieneusi infection has been reported in wild animals. The aim of the present study was to survey the occurrence of and genetically characterize E. bieneusi from a broad spectrum of vertebrate species in this region.

Methods: A total of 1372 small intestine or fecal specimens were collected from 1019 mammals, 121 reptiles and 232 birds in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XUAR) and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (IMAR), northern China. Each animal species was identified according to morphological characteristics and amplification of mitochondrial genes. Genotype analysis of E. bieneusi was performed by amplifying the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region.

Results: A total of 68 wild animal species were identified, including 34 mammal species, six reptile species and 28 bird species. The average rate of infection with E. bieneusi was 9.7% (133/1372 specimens). Twelve genotypes of E. bieneusi, including BEB6, CHG7, D, E, EbpD, horse1, MWC_d1, NCF2, NCF6, PL14, SN45 and XJHT4, were identified in specimens from XUAR, IMAR and Kyrgyzstan. Phylogenetically, these genotypes belonged to four groups, namely Group 1, Group 2, Group 12 and Group 14.

Conclusions: To our knowledge, this study reports for the first time E. bieneusi genotype NCF2 in marbled polecats (Vormela peregusna), genotype NCF6 in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), genotype D in grey wolf (Canis lupus), genotypes CHG7, horse1 and PL14 in rodents and genotypes MWC_d1, PL14 and SN45 in wild birds. The results also indicate that genotypes horse1, NCF2 and NCF6 were acquired either by the fecal-oral transmission route or during predator-prey interaction.

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中国北方1099头野生动物和273头进口放养驴的双氏肠细胞虫遗传多样性

背景：bieneusenterocytozoon bieneusi是人类、野生动物和家畜中最常见的微孢子虫。在中国北方，据我们所知，尚未报告在野生动物中发生比氏埃氏体感染的信息。本研究的目的是调查该地区广泛的脊椎动物物种中双氏鄂虫的发生和遗传特征。方法：在新疆维吾尔自治区（XUAR）和内蒙古自治区（IMAR）采集1019只哺乳动物、121只爬行动物和232只鸟类的小肠或粪便标本1372份。根据形态特征和线粒体基因扩增对每个动物物种进行鉴定。采用扩增内部转录间隔区（ITS）的方法对该菌株进行基因型分析。结果：共鉴定出68种野生动物，其中哺乳动物34种，爬行动物6种，鸟类28种。平均感染率为9.7%（133/1372份）。在新疆维吾尔自治区、内蒙古自治区和吉尔吉斯斯坦共检出BEB6、CHG7、D、E、EbpD、horse1、MWC_d1、NCF2、NCF6、PL14、SN45和XJHT4等12种基因型。在系统发育上，这些基因型属于4个组，分别是组1、组2、组12和组14。结论：据我们所知，本研究首次报道了斑纹猫（Vormela peregusna）的基因型NCF2、红狐（Vulpes Vulpes）的基因型NCF6、灰狼（Canis lupus）的基因型D、啮齿类动物的基因型CHG7、马1和PL14以及野生鸟类的基因型MWC_d1、PL14和SN45。结果还表明，基因型马1、NCF2和NCF6通过粪-口传播途径或在捕食者-猎物相互作用中获得。

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来源期刊

Parasites & Vectors 医学-寄生虫学

CiteScore

6.30

自引率

9.40%

发文量

433

审稿时长

1.4 months

期刊介绍： Parasites & Vectors is an open access, peer-reviewed online journal dealing with the biology of parasites, parasitic diseases, intermediate hosts, vectors and vector-borne pathogens. Manuscripts published in this journal will be available to all worldwide, with no barriers to access, immediately following acceptance. However, authors retain the copyright of their material and may use it, or distribute it, as they wish. Manuscripts on all aspects of the basic and applied biology of parasites, intermediate hosts, vectors and vector-borne pathogens will be considered. In addition to the traditional and well-established areas of science in these fields, we also aim to provide a vehicle for publication of the rapidly developing resources and technology in parasite, intermediate host and vector genomics and their impacts on biological research. We are able to publish large datasets and extensive results, frequently associated with genomic and post-genomic technologies, which are not readily accommodated in traditional journals. Manuscripts addressing broader issues, for example economics, social sciences and global climate change in relation to parasites, vectors and disease control, are also welcomed.