Dust over Saudi Arabia from multisource data: case studies in winter and spring

IF 2.9 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Mazen E. Assiri, M. Nazrul Islam, Md Arfan Ali, Arjan O. Zamreeq, Ayman S. Ghulam, Muhammad Ismail
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Abstract

In the Arabian Peninsula, dust storms constitute a significant natural hazard, impacting the region’s climate, human health, and socio-economic development. This paper discusses the dust climatology based on multi-source data spanning the period 1980‒2023 over the Arabian Peninsula. Moreover, case studies of severe dust events during the winter and spring seasons are simulated using the WRF-Chem model. Climatic conditions related to dust events were obtained from observations. Model simulated climatic variables were evaluated against observations. A climatological study conducted over the study area found that dust aerosol levels were highest during spring and summer, although they were present every month. In the recent decade (2011‒2020), aerosol decreased at the rate of 0.103 (0.064) per decade obtained from Terra-MODIS (MERRA-2). Apart from these, the results of two severe dust events demonstrated that a drop in temperature and pressure, along with a sudden rise in wind speed and a temporary increase in humidity, characterize the onset of dust events. During the dust event, low temperatures continued, wind speed decreased, and pressure gradually increased. The WRF-Chem model simulates these basic synoptic characteristics of meteorological variables in both winter and spring. The dust wall was higher (300 hPa) in the spring case as compared to the winter (550 hPa) case. A denser dust concentration was observed in the winter case (5000 µg m−3) than in the spring case (2000 µg m−3). So far, this is the first analysis of such dust heights on walls in the region. A more thorough analysis of case studies is required, and the WRF-Chem model should be parameterized to forecast dust storms across the area to ensure sustainable socio-economic development.

Abstract Image

来自多源数据的沙特阿拉伯沙尘:冬季和春季的案例研究
在阿拉伯半岛,沙尘暴构成重大自然灾害,影响该地区的气候、人类健康和社会经济发展。本文利用1980-2023年阿拉伯半岛多源资料,讨论了沙尘气候学。此外,还利用WRF-Chem模式模拟了冬季和春季严重沙尘事件的案例研究。从观测中获得了与沙尘事件有关的气候条件。模式模拟的气候变量根据观测值进行了评估。在研究区域进行的一项气候学研究发现,春季和夏季的粉尘气溶胶水平最高,尽管它们每个月都会出现。Terra-MODIS (MERRA-2)数据显示,近10年(2011-2020年)气溶胶以每10年0.103(0.064)的速率减少。除此之外,两次严重沙尘事件的结果表明,温度和压力的下降,伴随着风速的突然上升和湿度的暂时增加,是沙尘事件开始的特征。沙尘事件期间,低温持续,风速减小,气压逐渐升高。WRF-Chem模式模拟了冬季和春季气象变量的这些基本天气特征。春季沙尘壁(300 hPa)高于冬季(550 hPa)。冬季病例(5000µg m−3)的粉尘浓度高于春季病例(2000µg m−3)。到目前为止,这是对该地区墙壁上灰尘高度的首次分析。需要对案例研究进行更深入的分析,并将WRF-Chem模型参数化,以预测整个地区的沙尘暴,以确保社会经济的可持续发展。
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来源期刊
Air Quality Atmosphere and Health
Air Quality Atmosphere and Health ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES-
CiteScore
8.80
自引率
2.00%
发文量
146
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Air Quality, Atmosphere, and Health is a multidisciplinary journal which, by its very name, illustrates the broad range of work it publishes and which focuses on atmospheric consequences of human activities and their implications for human and ecological health. It offers research papers, critical literature reviews and commentaries, as well as special issues devoted to topical subjects or themes. International in scope, the journal presents papers that inform and stimulate a global readership, as the topic addressed are global in their import. Consequently, we do not encourage submission of papers involving local data that relate to local problems. Unless they demonstrate wide applicability, these are better submitted to national or regional journals. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health addresses such topics as acid precipitation; airborne particulate matter; air quality monitoring and management; exposure assessment; risk assessment; indoor air quality; atmospheric chemistry; atmospheric modeling and prediction; air pollution climatology; climate change and air quality; air pollution measurement; atmospheric impact assessment; forest-fire emissions; atmospheric science; greenhouse gases; health and ecological effects; clean air technology; regional and global change and satellite measurements. This journal benefits a diverse audience of researchers, public health officials and policy makers addressing problems that call for solutions based in evidence from atmospheric and exposure assessment scientists, epidemiologists, and risk assessors. Publication in the journal affords the opportunity to reach beyond defined disciplinary niches to this broader readership.
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