{"title":"Abundance and characteristics of atmospheric microplastics deposition in indoor and outdoor environments in Bangkok, Thailand","authors":"Yubraj Dahal, Sandhya Babel","doi":"10.1007/s11869-024-01652-w","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Atmospheric microplastics (MPs) deposition in indoor and outdoor environments has yet to gain significant attention in Bangkok, Thailand. Outdoor MPs deposition is a potentially severe issue as it can contaminate agricultural land, water bodies, and water treatment plants. Similarly, indoor MPs can enter the human body during inhalation and ingestion as an individual spends most of the time indoors. This study employed a passive sampling method, followed by digestion, density separation, Nile red (NR) tagging, and micro-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis to identify the abundance and characteristics of MPs in indoor and outdoor (urban, semi-urban, and industrial) air in Bangkok, Thailand. This study revealed an average indoor MPs deposition of 154 ± 62 particles/square meter/day (p/m<sup>2</sup>/d). Fragments (68%) were the most abundant shape indoors. Polypropylene (PP) was the most common polymer type. Indoor MPs likely come from plastic items, such as packaging, bags, and containers/bottles, during tearing and opening and polymer-based paints and coatings due to aging. Similarly, the average MPs deposition rate was 103 ± 52, 238 ± 109, and 263 ± 128 p/m<sup>2</sup>/d at Chulalongkorn (urban), SIIT (semi-urban), and Bangkadi (industrial) sites, respectively. Fragments dominated other shapes in all the outdoor sites. PP was the polymer most repeatedly observed at Chulalongkorn, while polyethylene (PE) was the most common polymer at SIIT and Bangkadi. It is speculated that environmental degradation of plastic wastes (packaging, containers, and bags) and polymer-based paints and coatings on infrastructures add MPs to the atmosphere.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49109,"journal":{"name":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","volume":"18 2","pages":"425 - 445"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11869-024-01652-w","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Atmospheric microplastics (MPs) deposition in indoor and outdoor environments has yet to gain significant attention in Bangkok, Thailand. Outdoor MPs deposition is a potentially severe issue as it can contaminate agricultural land, water bodies, and water treatment plants. Similarly, indoor MPs can enter the human body during inhalation and ingestion as an individual spends most of the time indoors. This study employed a passive sampling method, followed by digestion, density separation, Nile red (NR) tagging, and micro-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis to identify the abundance and characteristics of MPs in indoor and outdoor (urban, semi-urban, and industrial) air in Bangkok, Thailand. This study revealed an average indoor MPs deposition of 154 ± 62 particles/square meter/day (p/m2/d). Fragments (68%) were the most abundant shape indoors. Polypropylene (PP) was the most common polymer type. Indoor MPs likely come from plastic items, such as packaging, bags, and containers/bottles, during tearing and opening and polymer-based paints and coatings due to aging. Similarly, the average MPs deposition rate was 103 ± 52, 238 ± 109, and 263 ± 128 p/m2/d at Chulalongkorn (urban), SIIT (semi-urban), and Bangkadi (industrial) sites, respectively. Fragments dominated other shapes in all the outdoor sites. PP was the polymer most repeatedly observed at Chulalongkorn, while polyethylene (PE) was the most common polymer at SIIT and Bangkadi. It is speculated that environmental degradation of plastic wastes (packaging, containers, and bags) and polymer-based paints and coatings on infrastructures add MPs to the atmosphere.
期刊介绍：
Air Quality, Atmosphere, and Health is a multidisciplinary journal which, by its very name, illustrates the broad range of work it publishes and which focuses on atmospheric consequences of human activities and their implications for human and ecological health.
It offers research papers, critical literature reviews and commentaries, as well as special issues devoted to topical subjects or themes.
International in scope, the journal presents papers that inform and stimulate a global readership, as the topic addressed are global in their import. Consequently, we do not encourage submission of papers involving local data that relate to local problems. Unless they demonstrate wide applicability, these are better submitted to national or regional journals.
Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health addresses such topics as acid precipitation; airborne particulate matter; air quality monitoring and management; exposure assessment; risk assessment; indoor air quality; atmospheric chemistry; atmospheric modeling and prediction; air pollution climatology; climate change and air quality; air pollution measurement; atmospheric impact assessment; forest-fire emissions; atmospheric science; greenhouse gases; health and ecological effects; clean air technology; regional and global change and satellite measurements.
This journal benefits a diverse audience of researchers, public health officials and policy makers addressing problems that call for solutions based in evidence from atmospheric and exposure assessment scientists, epidemiologists, and risk assessors. Publication in the journal affords the opportunity to reach beyond defined disciplinary niches to this broader readership.
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