Effective Liquid-Filled Leaky-Guided Fiber Mach-Zehnder Interferometer With a Side-Polished Fiber

IF 4.3 2区综合性期刊 Q1 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

IEEE Sensors Journal Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI:10.1109/JSEN.2025.3538788

Cheng-Ling Lee;Chun-Yu Yeh;Yu-Xin Jiang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

We first propose an effective liquid-filled leaky-guided fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer (LGFMZI) utilizing a side-polished fiber (SPF) for high-sensitivity liquid material sensing. The structure features a side-polished single-mode fiber (SMF) sequentially spliced to large-core (HCF1) and small-core hollow-core fibers (HCF2), with a terminal SMF segment. The SPF, connected to HCF1, forms a microslit that facilitates effective liquid injection into HCF2. In the design, the refractive index (RI) of the liquid (

${n}_{{1}}$

), being lower than that of the silica cladding (

${n}_{{2}}$

), induces a leaky-guided (LG) fiber waveguide in the tiny HCF2 section, enabling the core and cladding modes generation. HCF1 functions as a beam splitter, expanding the light into the core of HCF2 and cladding to balance their intensities, thereby enhancing the interference extinction ratio (ER). Experimental results demonstrate that high sensitivity of 11.93 nm/°C and an ER exceeding 30 dB with a tunable free spectral range (FSR) of interference spectra are achieved by adjusting the lengths of HCF1 and HCF2. Furthermore, the interference spectra exhibit a linear thermal response across an ultrawide wavelength range (1250–1650 nm), offering significant advantages for sensing applications.

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来源期刊

IEEE Sensors Journal 工程技术-工程：电子与电气

CiteScore

7.70

自引率

14.00%

发文量

2058

审稿时长

5.2 months

期刊介绍： The fields of interest of the IEEE Sensors Journal are the theory, design , fabrication, manufacturing and applications of devices for sensing and transducing physical, chemical and biological phenomena, with emphasis on the electronics and physics aspect of sensors and integrated sensors-actuators. IEEE Sensors Journal deals with the following: -Sensor Phenomenology, Modelling, and Evaluation -Sensor Materials, Processing, and Fabrication -Chemical and Gas Sensors -Microfluidics and Biosensors -Optical Sensors -Physical Sensors: Temperature, Mechanical, Magnetic, and others -Acoustic and Ultrasonic Sensors -Sensor Packaging -Sensor Networks -Sensor Applications -Sensor Systems: Signals, Processing, and Interfaces -Actuators and Sensor Power Systems -Sensor Signal Processing for high precision and stability (amplification, filtering, linearization, modulation/demodulation) and under harsh conditions (EMC, radiation, humidity, temperature); energy consumption/harvesting -Sensor Data Processing (soft computing with sensor data, e.g., pattern recognition, machine learning, evolutionary computation; sensor data fusion, processing of wave e.g., electromagnetic and acoustic; and non-wave, e.g., chemical, gravity, particle, thermal, radiative and non-radiative sensor data, detection, estimation and classification based on sensor data) -Sensors in Industrial Practice