{"title":"Transfer learning for geological carbon storage forecasting using neural operator","authors":"Andres Nunez , Siddharth Misra , Yusuf Falola","doi":"10.1016/j.advwatres.2025.104948","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Geological carbon storage (GCS) is critical for sequestering CO<sub>2</sub> deep underground. GCS projects may face environmental challenges, such as leakage risks, adverse pressure buildup, and groundwater contamination. Numerical simulators play a vital role in accurate forecasting but can be computationally expensive. In this work, we leveraged an updated Fourier Neural Operator (FNO) which includes data sparsity management, to learn to rapidly forecast pressure and CO<sub>2</sub> phase saturation distributions in a geological carbon storage (GCS) reservoir. Compared to commercial reservoir simulators, FNO-based forecasting offers accurate prediction while reducing the computational time by a factor of 40, enabling high volume of forecasting in less time. Additionally, we applied transfer learning (TL) to further reduce the data and computational requirements of the FNO-based forecasting across a wide array of scenarios. Specifically, we demonstrated the usefulness of TL in accurately predicting the pressure and CO<sub>2</sub> saturation distributions for uncertain and variable geological and operational conditions. The results of this study indicate that the improved FNO workflow reduces the computational time by approximately 97 %, and the relative mean error for predicting both CO<sub>2</sub> saturation and pressure distributions is <1 %. Generally, the use of TL effectively transfers knowledge from a pre-existing model to other related tasks. TL significantly reduces the required training data by 78 % while maintaining a relative mean error below 5 %. Although, the results in this work can be further improved, this study demonstrates the potential of integrating FNO and TL to reduce computational time and data requirements for CO<sub>2</sub> forecasts during GCS projects, providing a more efficient and faster approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7614,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Water Resources","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 104948"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Advances in Water Resources","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0309170825000624","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"WATER RESOURCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Geological carbon storage (GCS) is critical for sequestering CO2 deep underground. GCS projects may face environmental challenges, such as leakage risks, adverse pressure buildup, and groundwater contamination. Numerical simulators play a vital role in accurate forecasting but can be computationally expensive. In this work, we leveraged an updated Fourier Neural Operator (FNO) which includes data sparsity management, to learn to rapidly forecast pressure and CO2 phase saturation distributions in a geological carbon storage (GCS) reservoir. Compared to commercial reservoir simulators, FNO-based forecasting offers accurate prediction while reducing the computational time by a factor of 40, enabling high volume of forecasting in less time. Additionally, we applied transfer learning (TL) to further reduce the data and computational requirements of the FNO-based forecasting across a wide array of scenarios. Specifically, we demonstrated the usefulness of TL in accurately predicting the pressure and CO2 saturation distributions for uncertain and variable geological and operational conditions. The results of this study indicate that the improved FNO workflow reduces the computational time by approximately 97 %, and the relative mean error for predicting both CO2 saturation and pressure distributions is <1 %. Generally, the use of TL effectively transfers knowledge from a pre-existing model to other related tasks. TL significantly reduces the required training data by 78 % while maintaining a relative mean error below 5 %. Although, the results in this work can be further improved, this study demonstrates the potential of integrating FNO and TL to reduce computational time and data requirements for CO2 forecasts during GCS projects, providing a more efficient and faster approach.
期刊介绍:
Advances in Water Resources provides a forum for the presentation of fundamental scientific advances in the understanding of water resources systems. The scope of Advances in Water Resources includes any combination of theoretical, computational, and experimental approaches used to advance fundamental understanding of surface or subsurface water resources systems or the interaction of these systems with the atmosphere, geosphere, biosphere, and human societies. Manuscripts involving case studies that do not attempt to reach broader conclusions, research on engineering design, applied hydraulics, or water quality and treatment, as well as applications of existing knowledge that do not advance fundamental understanding of hydrological processes, are not appropriate for Advances in Water Resources.
Examples of appropriate topical areas that will be considered include the following:
• Surface and subsurface hydrology
• Hydrometeorology
• Environmental fluid dynamics
• Ecohydrology and ecohydrodynamics
• Multiphase transport phenomena in porous media
• Fluid flow and species transport and reaction processes