The ballistic response and failure mechanism of glass-fiber/epoxy laminates under normal and oblique impact loading by glass projectile

IF 5.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Thin-Walled Structures Pub Date : 2025-03-02 DOI:10.1016/j.tws.2025.113138

Qiran Sun , Hailiang Sun , Taiping Guo , Qixuan Su , Haoran Lu , Yuxin Sun

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

A comprehensive understanding of the ballistic performance of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) under impact is crucial to its adequate application in aerospace and other fields. However, studies regarding oblique ballistic impact are limited and almost all the projectiles used are made of metal. In this study, serial high-velocity impact experiments using glass projectiles are performed with an obliquity of up to 60º. To investigate the ballistic response and impact-induced damage mechanism of GFRP laminate, truncated cone projectiles made by K9 glass and 3.6-mm-thick plain weave glass/epoxy composites are manufactured. The fracture and fragmentation of glass projectiles during the high-velocity impact are observed, and the perforation results and damage patterns of GFRP targets are presented. Additionally, the transition of glass fiber failure mechanism domination during penetration with the variations of impact velocity and incident angle is validated and summarized. Unlike rigid projectile impacts, a distinct decline trend regardless of the incident angle (IA) is confirmed by the quantitative correlation between the delamination damage area and projectile velocity. Furthermore, experimental result demonstrates that glass fibers on the rear surface fails early before the projectile arrives under large IA impact. Finally, a modified specific-kinetic-energy criterion, including the incident angle effect, is proposed to predict the ballistic perforation of GFRP laminates under glass projectile impact.

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来源期刊

Thin-Walled Structures 工程技术-工程：土木

CiteScore

9.60

自引率

20.30%

发文量

801

审稿时长

66 days

期刊介绍： Thin-walled structures comprises an important and growing proportion of engineering construction with areas of application becoming increasingly diverse, ranging from aircraft, bridges, ships and oil rigs to storage vessels, industrial buildings and warehouses. Many factors, including cost and weight economy, new materials and processes and the growth of powerful methods of analysis have contributed to this growth, and led to the need for a journal which concentrates specifically on structures in which problems arise due to the thinness of the walls. This field includes cold– formed sections, plate and shell structures, reinforced plastics structures and aluminium structures, and is of importance in many branches of engineering. The primary criterion for consideration of papers in Thin–Walled Structures is that they must be concerned with thin–walled structures or the basic problems inherent in thin–walled structures. Provided this criterion is satisfied no restriction is placed on the type of construction, material or field of application. Papers on theory, experiment, design, etc., are published and it is expected that many papers will contain aspects of all three.