Autoantibodies to interferon alpha, nuclear antigens, cardiolipin, and beta 2 glycoprotein 1 in a Ugandan cohort and their relation to SARS-CoV-2 infection

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Infection and Public Health Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI:10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102722

Adam Epstein-Shuman , Xianming Zhu , Joanne H. Hunt , Reinaldo E. Fernandez , Gracie M. Rozek , Andrew D. Redd , Zoe A. Gotthold , Gabriel Quiros , Ronald M. Galiwango , Godfrey Kigozi , Patrizio Caturegli , Robert Ssekubugu , Mary K. Grabowski , Larry W. Chang , Steven J. Reynolds , Oliver Laeyendecker , for the Rakai Health Science Program

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective

Autoantibodies (AAbs) to interferon alpha, nuclear antigens, cardiolipin, and beta 2 glycoprotein 1, have been associated with COVID-19 severity. Despite relatively low COVID-19 morbidity and mortality in East and Central Africa, AAb prevalence in these populations remain understudied.

Methods

We evaluated AAb seroprevalence in 155 Ugandans, aged 40–50, using paired samples collected before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Among these, 117 had serological evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and 38 did not. To assess the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on AAb prevalence, we: 1) longitudinally compared AAb prevalence before and after evidence of infection, and 2) cross-sectionally compared AAb prevalence between those with and without infection evidence at both timepoints. Associations between AAbs and health characteristics were also explored.

Results

There was no difference in AAb prevalence between individuals with and without evidence of infection, nor any longitudinal change after evidence of infection. However, we observed a higher-than-expected prevalence anti-beta 2 glycoprotein 1. Additionally, anti-cardiolipin was significantly associated with reported hypertension.

Conclusions

Our findings contribute to the limited literature on AAb prevalence in East Africa and suggest that SARS-CoV-2 does not induce these AAbs.

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目的干扰素α、核抗原、心磷脂和β2糖蛋白1的自身抗体（AAb）与COVID-19的严重程度有关。尽管 COVID-19 在非洲东部和中部的发病率和死亡率相对较低，但这些人群中的 AAb 流行率仍未得到充分研究。方法我们使用 COVID-19 大流行开始前后采集的配对样本，评估了 155 名 40-50 岁乌干达人的 AAb 血清流行率。其中 117 人有 SARS-CoV-2 感染的血清学证据，38 人没有。为了评估 SARS-CoV-2 感染对 AAb 感染率的影响，我们采取了以下措施1）纵向比较有感染证据之前和之后的 AAb 感染率；2）横向比较在两个时间点上有感染证据和没有感染证据的 AAb 感染率。我们还探讨了 AAb 与健康特征之间的关联。结果有感染证据和无感染证据的个体之间的 AAb 患病率没有差异，有感染证据后也没有任何纵向变化。此外，抗心磷脂与报告的高血压显著相关。结论我们的研究结果为东非 AAb 患病率的有限文献做出了贡献，并表明 SARS-CoV-2 不会诱发这些 AAb。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Infection and Public Health PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH -INFECTIOUS DISEASES

CiteScore

13.10

自引率

1.50%

发文量

203

审稿时长

96 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Infection and Public Health, first official journal of the Saudi Arabian Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences and the Saudi Association for Public Health, aims to be the foremost scientific, peer-reviewed journal encompassing infection prevention and control, microbiology, infectious diseases, public health and the application of healthcare epidemiology to the evaluation of health outcomes. The point of view of the journal is that infection and public health are closely intertwined and that advances in one area will have positive consequences on the other. The journal will be useful to all health professionals who are partners in the management of patients with communicable diseases, keeping them up to date. The journal is proud to have an international and diverse editorial board that will assist and facilitate the publication of articles that reflect a global view on infection control and public health, as well as emphasizing our focus on supporting the needs of public health practitioners. It is our aim to improve healthcare by reducing risk of infection and related adverse outcomes by critical review, selection, and dissemination of new and relevant information in the field of infection control, public health and infectious diseases in all healthcare settings and the community.