Effectiveness of nirsevimab in preventing RSV-hospitalisation among young children in Western Australia 2024

IF 14.3 1区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Infection Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI:10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106466

Ushma Wadia , Hannah C. Moore , Peter C. Richmond , Avram Levy , Lana Bell , Catherine Pienaar , Joanne Harvey , Caroline Finucane , Erin van der Helder , Lauren Bloomfield , Allen Cheng , Paul Effler , Christopher C. Blyth

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) causes a significant burden of illness for children under 2 years of age. Nirsevimab, a long-acting monoclonal antibody, was registered for RSV prevention in Australia in 2023. In April 2024, Western Australia (WA) launched the country’s first state-wide nirsevimab program for all infants and high-risk children entering their second RSV season. This study describes the effectiveness of nirsevimab against RSV hospitalisation over a single epidemic season.

Methods

Between April and October 2024, children hospitalised with laboratory-confirmed RSV-associated acute respiratory infection (ARI) and test-negative controls were enrolled from three hospitals in WA. Demographic variables, medical risk factors, symptoms and outcomes were assessed. Nirsevimab effectiveness in preventing RSV-associated hospitalisation was estimated.

Results

Over 7 months, 284 children eligible for nirsevimab were enrolled including 184 RSV positive cases and 100 controls. Coverage of nirsevimab in RSV cases was 22.8% and 60.0% in controls. The overall adjusted effectiveness of nirsevimab against RSV-associated ARI hospitalisation was 88.2% (95% CI: 73.5, 94.7). RSV infection occurred in 42 (22.8%) children who had received nirsevimab; there was no significant difference in RSV illness severity among those immunised and unimmunised.

Conclusion

Nirsevimab was highly effective at preventing RSV-associated ARI hospitalisation in young children in the southern hemisphere.

Summary

This study is the first Australian study to provide nirsevimab effectiveness estimate against RSV hospitalisation over a single epidemic season. The adjusted estimate of nirsevimab effectiveness against RSV-associated ARI hospitalisation was 88.2%, similar to those reported from Northern Hemisphere countries.

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来源期刊

Journal of Infection 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

45.90

自引率

3.20%

发文量

475

审稿时长

16 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Infection publishes original papers on all aspects of infection - clinical, microbiological and epidemiological. The Journal seeks to bring together knowledge from all specialties involved in infection research and clinical practice, and present the best work in the ever-changing field of infection. Each issue brings you Editorials that describe current or controversial topics of interest, high quality Reviews to keep you in touch with the latest developments in specific fields of interest, an Epidemiology section reporting studies in the hospital and the general community, and a lively correspondence section.