PLA Reinforced with Limestone Waste: A Way to Sustainable Polymer Composites.

IF 4.7 3区工程技术 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE

Polymers Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI:10.3390/polym17050662

Dora Sousa, Catarina Baleia, Pedro Amaral

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Waste stone sludge generated by the extractive industry has traditionally posed significant disposal challenges. This study redefines stone sludge as a valuable raw material by incorporating it into polylactic acid (PLA) to create sustainable composite materials. Pellets and filaments composed of up to 50% by weight of limestone powder and PLA were successfully produced using melt blending in a twin-screw extruder. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses revealed a uniform distribution of stone particles within the PLA matrix and confirmed the chemical and structural compatibility of the components. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the composites retained thermal stability, while mechanical testing demonstrated significant enhancements in stiffness, with an increase in elastic modulus for composites containing 50% limestone powder. The melt flow rate (MFR) decreases with increasing filler content. The brittleness also increased, reducing impact resistance. Mechanical tests were performed on injected and 3D-printed specimens. The filament produced was successfully used in 3D printing, with a small XYZ calibration cube.

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用石灰石废料增强聚乳酸：一种可持续发展的聚合物复合材料。

传统上，采掘业产生的废石污泥对其处理构成了重大挑战。本研究通过将石泥掺入聚乳酸（PLA）中以创造可持续的复合材料，将其重新定义为一种有价值的原材料。在双螺杆挤出机中成功地使用熔体混合生产了由石灰石粉末和PLA组成的重量达50%的颗粒和长丝。扫描电镜（SEM）、x射线荧光（XRF）和x射线衍射（XRD）分析表明，聚乳酸基体中石材颗粒分布均匀，并证实了各组分的化学和结构相容性。热重分析（TGA）表明，复合材料保持了热稳定性，而力学测试表明，复合材料的刚度显著增强，含有50%石灰石粉末的复合材料的弹性模量增加。熔体流动速率（MFR）随填料含量的增加而降低。脆性也增加，抗冲击性降低。对注射和3d打印的样品进行了力学测试。生产的灯丝成功地用于3D打印，具有一个小的XYZ校准立方体。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Polymers POLYMER SCIENCE-

CiteScore

8.00

自引率

16.00%

发文量

4697

审稿时长

1.3 months

期刊介绍： Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360) is an international, open access journal of polymer science. It publishes research papers, short communications and review papers. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. Therefore, there is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. Polymers provides an interdisciplinary forum for publishing papers which advance the fields of (i) polymerization methods, (ii) theory, simulation, and modeling, (iii) understanding of new physical phenomena, (iv) advances in characterization techniques, and (v) harnessing of self-assembly and biological strategies for producing complex multifunctional structures.