Mathematical analysis of long-distance polar auxin transport data of pin mutants questions the role of PIN1 as postulated in the chemi-osmotic theory.

IF 5.4 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
Kees J M Boot, Sander C Hille, Kees R Libbenga, Marijke Libbenga-Nijkamp, Omid Karami, Bert Van Duijn, Remko Offringa
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Abstract

The plant hormone auxin (Indole-3-Acetic Acid, IAA) is a key player in nearly every aspect of plant growth and development ranging from cell division and cell elongation to embryogenesis and root formation. The IAA level in specific tissues and cells is regulated by synthesis, conjugation, degradation and transport. Especially long-range polar auxin transport (PAT) has been the subject of numerous studies. The chemi-osmotic theory predicts that intercellular PAT is caused by an asymmetric distribution of auxin efflux transporters in cell membranes of transporting cells, resulting in increased local membrane permeability for IAA. Members of the PIN gene family are generally considered to encode the postulated carriers. The objective of this study was to use the chemi-osmotic theory in an experimental program aimed at describing and interpreting long-range PAT data from mutants of the PIN gene family of Arabidopsis thaliana. Therefore, we put the chemi-osmotic theory in a broader theoretical framework. We find that the observed decrease in both auxin flux and transport velocity in pin1 loss-of-function mutants is not caused by decreased basal membrane permeability, as would be expected according to the chemi-osmotic theory, but is an indirect effect caused by a change in the dynamics of auxin transport due to a decrease in the expression of all four AUX1/LAX1-3 auxin influx carriers in pin1 mutants. On the basis of our findings, we conclude that the exact role of PIN1 in long-distance PAT, as postulated in the chemi-osmotic theory, should be reconsidered.

对pin突变体长距离极性生长素运输数据的数学分析质疑了PIN1在化学渗透理论中的作用。
植物激素生长素(吲哚-3-乙酸,IAA)在植物生长发育的各个方面都起着关键作用,从细胞分裂、细胞伸长到胚胎发生和根系形成。IAA在特定组织和细胞中的水平受合成、结合、降解和运输的调节。尤其是长生素的远距离极性转运(PAT)一直是众多研究的主题。化学渗透理论预测细胞间PAT是由生长素外流转运体在转运细胞细胞膜中的不对称分布引起的,导致IAA局部膜通透性增加。PIN基因家族的成员通常被认为编码假定的携带者。本研究的目的是在一个实验项目中使用化学渗透理论,旨在描述和解释来自拟南芥PIN基因家族突变体的远程PAT数据。因此,我们将化学渗透理论置于一个更广阔的理论框架中。我们发现,在pin1功能丧失突变体中观察到的生长素通量和运输速度的减少不是由基底膜通透性的降低引起的,这是根据化学渗透理论所预期的,而是由于pin1突变体中所有四种AUX1/LAX1-3生长素内流载体的表达减少而引起的生长素运输动力学的变化所引起的间接影响。根据我们的研究结果,我们得出结论,PIN1在远距离PAT中的确切作用,如化学渗透理论所假设的,应该重新考虑。
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来源期刊
Physiologia plantarum
Physiologia plantarum 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
11.00
自引率
3.10%
发文量
224
审稿时长
3.9 months
期刊介绍: Physiologia Plantarum is an international journal committed to publishing the best full-length original research papers that advance our understanding of primary mechanisms of plant development, growth and productivity as well as plant interactions with the biotic and abiotic environment. All organisational levels of experimental plant biology – from molecular and cell biology, biochemistry and biophysics to ecophysiology and global change biology – fall within the scope of the journal. The content is distributed between 5 main subject areas supervised by Subject Editors specialised in the respective domain: (1) biochemistry and metabolism, (2) ecophysiology, stress and adaptation, (3) uptake, transport and assimilation, (4) development, growth and differentiation, (5) photobiology and photosynthesis.
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