Model development to assess the impact of a preventive treatment with sarolaner and moxidectin on Dirofilaria immitis infection dynamics in dogs.

IF 3 2区 医学 Q1 PARASITOLOGY
Emilie Hendrickx, Thomas Geurden, Cedric Marsboom
{"title":"Model development to assess the impact of a preventive treatment with sarolaner and moxidectin on Dirofilaria immitis infection dynamics in dogs.","authors":"Emilie Hendrickx, Thomas Geurden, Cedric Marsboom","doi":"10.1186/s13071-025-06734-x","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dirofilaria immitis is a mosquito-transmitted filarial parasite causing heartworm disease in dogs. The parasite may cause a significant disease burden to the dog population in high prevalence areas and is mainly managed through prophylactic treatments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this modelling study, the effect of a prophylactic treatment with moxidectin and sarolaner on heartworm disease dynamics was investigated in dogs. A compartmental model was developed to investigate different epidemiological settings considering different values for prevalence and host preference.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When the mosquito host preference to dogs is low, a treatment compliance of only 40% decreases the proportion of infectious dogs. When the host preference of the mosquitoes however increases, an exponential increase in infectious dogs was observed, and a higher treatment compliance is required. In high transmission environments, with a high prevalence and a high mosquito host preference, a high treatment compliance (up to 100%) is required to have an impact on the number of infected animals. Notably, in scenarios with higher host preference towards dogs, more mosquitoes are exposed to sarolaner through the blood meal, leading to higher mortality of these mosquitoes and resulting in fewer infected and infectious dogs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The preventive efficacy, as measured by the number of non-infected dogs, increases with increasing treatment compliance, but the extent of the treatment effect differs with the epidemiological setting. Adding sarolaner to a heartworm prevention has a complimentary impact on mosquito survival and heartworm disease transmission, although this effect depends on the epidemiological settings, emphasizing the true complexity of disease dynamics of a vector-borne disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":19793,"journal":{"name":"Parasites & Vectors","volume":"18 1","pages":"102"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11900526/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Parasites & Vectors","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-025-06734-x","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PARASITOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Dirofilaria immitis is a mosquito-transmitted filarial parasite causing heartworm disease in dogs. The parasite may cause a significant disease burden to the dog population in high prevalence areas and is mainly managed through prophylactic treatments.

Methods: In this modelling study, the effect of a prophylactic treatment with moxidectin and sarolaner on heartworm disease dynamics was investigated in dogs. A compartmental model was developed to investigate different epidemiological settings considering different values for prevalence and host preference.

Results: When the mosquito host preference to dogs is low, a treatment compliance of only 40% decreases the proportion of infectious dogs. When the host preference of the mosquitoes however increases, an exponential increase in infectious dogs was observed, and a higher treatment compliance is required. In high transmission environments, with a high prevalence and a high mosquito host preference, a high treatment compliance (up to 100%) is required to have an impact on the number of infected animals. Notably, in scenarios with higher host preference towards dogs, more mosquitoes are exposed to sarolaner through the blood meal, leading to higher mortality of these mosquitoes and resulting in fewer infected and infectious dogs.

Conclusions: The preventive efficacy, as measured by the number of non-infected dogs, increases with increasing treatment compliance, but the extent of the treatment effect differs with the epidemiological setting. Adding sarolaner to a heartworm prevention has a complimentary impact on mosquito survival and heartworm disease transmission, although this effect depends on the epidemiological settings, emphasizing the true complexity of disease dynamics of a vector-borne disease.

求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
Parasites & Vectors
Parasites & Vectors 医学-寄生虫学
CiteScore
6.30
自引率
9.40%
发文量
433
审稿时长
1.4 months
期刊介绍: Parasites & Vectors is an open access, peer-reviewed online journal dealing with the biology of parasites, parasitic diseases, intermediate hosts, vectors and vector-borne pathogens. Manuscripts published in this journal will be available to all worldwide, with no barriers to access, immediately following acceptance. However, authors retain the copyright of their material and may use it, or distribute it, as they wish. Manuscripts on all aspects of the basic and applied biology of parasites, intermediate hosts, vectors and vector-borne pathogens will be considered. In addition to the traditional and well-established areas of science in these fields, we also aim to provide a vehicle for publication of the rapidly developing resources and technology in parasite, intermediate host and vector genomics and their impacts on biological research. We are able to publish large datasets and extensive results, frequently associated with genomic and post-genomic technologies, which are not readily accommodated in traditional journals. Manuscripts addressing broader issues, for example economics, social sciences and global climate change in relation to parasites, vectors and disease control, are also welcomed.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信