The impact of chronic diseases and lifestyle on sarcopenia risk in older adults: a population-based longitudinal study.

IF 3.1 3区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
Frontiers in Medicine Pub Date : 2025-02-26 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fmed.2025.1500915
Wu-Xiao Wei, Zhen-Fang Mao, Meng-Li Chen, Lian Meng
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Sarcopenia, characterized by the gradual decline of muscle mass and strength, seriously affects the health and mobility of older adults. The purpose of this study is to investigate the risk factors for sarcopenia, particularly the relationship between chronic diseases and lifestyle factors in individuals aged 60 and over.

Methods: This study used data from the Longitudinal Study on Health and Retirement in China (CHARLS) collected in 2011 and 2015. All eligible participants were classified according to the standards established by the Asian Sarcopenia Working Group in 2019. The evaluation of sarcopenia was based on a comprehensive score across five dimensions: strength, assistance in walking, rise from a chair, climb stairs, and falls. A multivariate logistic regression model was employed to explore the risk factors for sarcopenia.

Results: The risk of sarcopenia is significantly influenced by multiple factors. Key findings include the association between past drinking and an increased risk of sarcopenia (HR = 2.198, 95% CI: 1.072-4.560, p < 0.05), indicating that individuals with a history of drinking have more than twice the risk of sarcopenia compared to non-drinkers. Chronic diseases such as stroke were also associated with a significantly elevated risk (HR = 3.137, 95% CI: 1.128-8.721, p < 0.05). Conversely, participation in social activities significantly reduced the risk of sarcopenia (HR = 0.482, 95% CI: 0.265-0.876, p < 0.05). A three-piece spline regression model revealed a nonlinear relationship between physical activity and the risk of sarcopenia, characterized by an initial decline in risk followed by an increase as physical activity levels rose. Moderate-intensity physical activity reduced the risk of sarcopenia by approximately 35% (HR ≈ 0.65). However, high-intensity physical activity led to a rebound in risk, increasing the likelihood of sarcopenia relative to moderate activity. Similarly, adequate sleep duration was associated with a reduced risk of sarcopenia, whereas excessive sleep counteracted this benefit.

Conclusion: The findings underscore the critical role of lifestyle modifications and balanced physical activity in mitigating the risk of sarcopenia among older adults. Implementing targeted interventions for high-risk groups is essential to reduce the incidence of sarcopenia.

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来源期刊
Frontiers in Medicine
Frontiers in Medicine Medicine-General Medicine
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
5.10%
发文量
3710
审稿时长
12 weeks
期刊介绍: Frontiers in Medicine publishes rigorously peer-reviewed research linking basic research to clinical practice and patient care, as well as translating scientific advances into new therapies and diagnostic tools. Led by an outstanding Editorial Board of international experts, this multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics, clinicians and the public worldwide. In addition to papers that provide a link between basic research and clinical practice, a particular emphasis is given to studies that are directly relevant to patient care. In this spirit, the journal publishes the latest research results and medical knowledge that facilitate the translation of scientific advances into new therapies or diagnostic tools. The full listing of the Specialty Sections represented by Frontiers in Medicine is as listed below. As well as the established medical disciplines, Frontiers in Medicine is launching new sections that together will facilitate - the use of patient-reported outcomes under real world conditions - the exploitation of big data and the use of novel information and communication tools in the assessment of new medicines - the scientific bases for guidelines and decisions from regulatory authorities - access to medicinal products and medical devices worldwide - addressing the grand health challenges around the world
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