A new noninvasive evaluation method of pulmonary thromboembolism in rabbits-pulmonary transit time.

IF 1.9 3区医学 Q3 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS

Cardiovascular Ultrasound Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI:10.1186/s12947-025-00344-4

He Zhang, Jianfeng Chen, Jiayu Wang, Song Kang, Yingying Liu, Binyang Zhu, Xue Mei, Xin Ai, Guangyin Li, Shuangquan Jiang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background and aim: Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is a common cause of cardiovascular death worldwide. Due to its nonspecific clinical symptoms, PTE is easy to be missed or misdiagnosed. Pulmonary transit time (PTT) is a noninvasive cardiopulmonary hemodynamic index, which is the time required for a blood sample to pass through pulmonary circulation. This study is aim to establish a rabbit PTE model using auto-thrombus, evaluating the dynamic changes in a rabbit's heart structure and function at multiple time points before and after modeling by echocardiography and exploring the application value of PTT obtained by contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in evaluating a PTE model.

Methods: Twenty-four healthy rabbits were intubated by femoral vein puncture to establish the PTE model. Echocardiography was performed before embolization, 2 h, 24 h, 3 days, 5 days, and 7 days after embolization to obtain conventional ultrasonic parameters. Then, CEUS was performed to obtain the PTT.

Results: Seventh day after modeling, nineteen rabbits were alive. Compared with pre-modeling, right heart parameters and heart rate in echocardiography were significantly impaired in the acute phase (2 and 24 h after modeling) and gradually returned to normal in the compensatory phase (3, 5, and 7 days after modeling). In contrast with conventional ultrasound parameters, PTT and nPTT revealed a gradually increasing trend at each time point. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed with an extension of molding time, the area under the curve (AUC) of (n)PTT is larger and larger.

Conclusions: Right heart parameters obtained using conventional echocardiography can accurately indicate changes in the structure and function of the right heart during the acute phase of PTE, while (n)PTT measured by CEUS continues to extend during the acute and compensatory phases of PTE. Therefore, PTT (nPTT) obtained by CEUS is a useful clinical indicator for the diagnosis of PTE and can be utilized as a supplement to conventional echocardiography parameters.

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一种新的无创评价兔肺血栓栓塞的方法——肺传递时间。

背景和目的：肺血栓栓塞（PTE）是世界范围内心血管死亡的常见原因。由于PTE临床症状非特异性，容易被漏诊或误诊。肺传递时间（PTT）是一种无创的心肺血流动力学指标，它是血液样本通过肺循环所需的时间。本研究旨在建立兔自体血栓性PTE模型，通过超声心动图评价造模前后多个时间点兔心脏结构和功能的动态变化，探讨超声造影（CEUS）获得的PTT在PTE模型评价中的应用价值。方法：24只健康家兔经股静脉穿刺插管建立PTE模型。分别于栓塞前、栓塞后2 h、24 h、3 d、5 d、7 d进行超声心动图检查，获取常规超声参数。然后行超声造影获得PTT。结果：造模后第7天，成活19只。与造模前比较，超声心动图右心参数和心率在急性期（造模后2、24 h）明显受损，代偿期（造模后3、5、7 d）逐渐恢复正常。与常规超声参数相比，PTT和nPTT在每个时间点都呈现逐渐增加的趋势。受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析显示，随着成型时间的延长，(n)PTT的曲线下面积（AUC）越来越大。结论：常规超声心动图获得的右心参数能准确反映PTE急性期右心结构和功能的变化，而(n)超声心动图测量的PTT在PTE急性期和代偿期持续延长，因此超声心动图获得的PTT （nPTT）是诊断PTE的有用临床指标，可作为常规超声心动图参数的补充。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Cardiovascular Ultrasound CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS-

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Cardiovascular Ultrasound is an online journal, publishing peer-reviewed: original research; authoritative reviews; case reports on challenging and/or unusual diagnostic aspects; and expert opinions on new techniques and technologies. We are particularly interested in articles that include relevant images or video files, which provide an additional dimension to published articles and enhance understanding. As an open access journal, Cardiovascular Ultrasound ensures high visibility for authors in addition to providing an up-to-date and freely available resource for the community. The journal welcomes discussion, and provides a forum for publishing opinion and debate ranging from biology to engineering to clinical echocardiography, with both speed and versatility.