{"title":"Synthetic Strategy to Build High-Molecular-Weight Poly(L-tyrosine) and Its Unexplored β-Sheet Block Copolymer Nanoarchitectures.","authors":"Parshuram Kambale, Rahul Nisal, Manickam Jayakannan","doi":"10.1021/acs.biomac.5c00046","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Synthesis of high-molecular-weight polypeptides and their block copolymer macromolecular architectures from β-sheet-promoting L-amino acids is still an unresolved problem. Here, an elegant steric hindrance-assisted ring-opening polymerization (SHAROP) strategy is introduced to access β-sheet poly(L-tyrosine) having more than 250 units. The scope of the synthetic methodology is expanded to access unexplored poly(L-tyrosine)-based higher-order β-sheet block copolymer nanoassemblies. In this strategy, a <i>tert-</i>butyl benzyl unit is employed as a steric handle that imbibes the solubility by promoting the α-helical conformation in the propagating polypeptide chains. The living ROP process enables the synthesis of well-defined block copolymers initiated by poly(L-tyrosine) living-chain ends or growing the poly(L-tyrosine) chains from the pre-existing macroinitiators of poly(L-glutamate) or poly(L-lysine). Acid-catalyzed postpolymerization deprotection restores the poly(L-tyrosine) blocks in their nascent β-sheet conformations. Thioflavin-T fluorescence assay establishes the β-sheet core-shell structures of these nanoassemblies, which are found to be nontoxic to mammalian cell lines.</p>","PeriodicalId":30,"journal":{"name":"Biomacromolecules","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Biomacromolecules","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.biomac.5c00046","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Synthesis of high-molecular-weight polypeptides and their block copolymer macromolecular architectures from β-sheet-promoting L-amino acids is still an unresolved problem. Here, an elegant steric hindrance-assisted ring-opening polymerization (SHAROP) strategy is introduced to access β-sheet poly(L-tyrosine) having more than 250 units. The scope of the synthetic methodology is expanded to access unexplored poly(L-tyrosine)-based higher-order β-sheet block copolymer nanoassemblies. In this strategy, a tert-butyl benzyl unit is employed as a steric handle that imbibes the solubility by promoting the α-helical conformation in the propagating polypeptide chains. The living ROP process enables the synthesis of well-defined block copolymers initiated by poly(L-tyrosine) living-chain ends or growing the poly(L-tyrosine) chains from the pre-existing macroinitiators of poly(L-glutamate) or poly(L-lysine). Acid-catalyzed postpolymerization deprotection restores the poly(L-tyrosine) blocks in their nascent β-sheet conformations. Thioflavin-T fluorescence assay establishes the β-sheet core-shell structures of these nanoassemblies, which are found to be nontoxic to mammalian cell lines.
期刊介绍:
Biomacromolecules is a leading forum for the dissemination of cutting-edge research at the interface of polymer science and biology. Submissions to Biomacromolecules should contain strong elements of innovation in terms of macromolecular design, synthesis and characterization, or in the application of polymer materials to biology and medicine.
Topics covered by Biomacromolecules include, but are not exclusively limited to: sustainable polymers, polymers based on natural and renewable resources, degradable polymers, polymer conjugates, polymeric drugs, polymers in biocatalysis, biomacromolecular assembly, biomimetic polymers, polymer-biomineral hybrids, biomimetic-polymer processing, polymer recycling, bioactive polymer surfaces, original polymer design for biomedical applications such as immunotherapy, drug delivery, gene delivery, antimicrobial applications, diagnostic imaging and biosensing, polymers in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, polymeric scaffolds and hydrogels for cell culture and delivery.