Paleoecological History of Maplecrest Fen, Catskill Mountains (NY, USA) From Deglaciation to the Industrial Age

IF 3.4 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Biogeography Pub Date : 2024-12-17 DOI:10.1111/jbi.15052

Dorothy M. Peteet, Ralph Ibe, Emily Stone, Catherine Zajac, Clara Chang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aim

To develop the palaeoecological and palaeoclimatic history of Maplecrest Fen, Greene County, NY.

Location

Catskill Mountains, New York.

Time Period

13,500 calendar years to present (ybp, present = 1950).

Taxon

Angiosperms, gymnosperms and bryophytes.

Methods

We used pollen and spore analysis, macrofossil analysis, loss-on-ignition (LOI) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis of a 7.8 m sediment core from the Fen along with AMS radiocarbon dates retrieved from the identified terrestrial macrofossils.

Results

Late-glacial and Holocene vegetational change from ice withdrawal reveals the development of a shallow lake and then fen to the present. The boreal spruce (Picea), fir (Abies) and paper birch ((Betula papyrifera) pollen signature near the base of the core (Zone M2) suggest a Younger Dryas (YD) signal overtopping warmer Allerod aged basal sediments. The early Holocene white pine (Pinus strobus) is followed by increases in hemlock (Tsuga) and beech (Fagus), ushering in a moister climate. About 5200 ybp drought is indicated by the well-known hemlock biostratigraphic decline in the Northeast. Drepanocladus moss and stonewort (Chara) shift to sedges (Carex) and violets (Viola) locally present. For the next 5000 years, the vegetation will remain relatively stable with lower temperatures suggested by the return of spruce and fir. Ragweed (Ambrosia) rise along with other weedy taxa marks European settlement near the top 50 cm of the core, along with a striking increase in anthropogenic lead, as seen using X-ray fluorescence.

Main Conclusions

Deglaciation began in the Catskills at a high elevation about 13,500 years ago and recession of ice from the Laurentide margin proceeded at about 0.1 km/year. Temperature shifts promoted changes in the boreal forest including warming and cooling, and drought and wetter intervals both appear in the Holocene history but do not appear to be easily forecast as climate continues to warm.

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卡茨基尔山脉Maplecrest Fen的古生态历史（从冰川消融到工业时代）

目的研究美国纽约州格林县梅普雷斯特芬地区的古生态和古气候历史。地点：卡茨基尔山，纽约。时间周期13,500日历年到现在（ybp，现在= 1950）。被子植物，裸子植物和苔藓植物。方法采用花粉和孢子分析、大化石分析、着火损失（LOI）和x射线荧光（XRF）分析，以及从鉴定的陆生大化石中检索的AMS放射性碳测年。结果冰退后的晚冰期和全新世植被变化揭示了一个浅湖的发展，然后发展到现在。北云杉（Picea）、冷杉（Abies）和纸桦树（Betula papyrifera）的花粉特征表明，新仙女木（YD）信号覆盖了较暖的变冷期基底沉积物。全新世早期的白松（Pinus strobus）之后，铁杉（Tsuga）和山毛榉（Fagus）的增加，迎来了更湿润的气候。东北地区著名的铁杉生物地层下降标志着大约5200ybp的干旱。苔藓和石草（Chara）转移到莎草（Carex）和紫罗兰（Viola）当地存在。在接下来的5000年里，植被将保持相对稳定，云杉和冷杉的回归表明气温会降低。豚草（Ambrosia）与其他杂草分类群一起上升，标志着欧洲人在岩心顶部50厘米附近定居，同时用x射线荧光观察到人为铅的显著增加。主要结论：大约13500年前，卡茨基尔高海拔地区开始消冰，劳伦泰德边缘的冰以每年约0.1公里的速度消退。温度变化促进了北方森林的变化，包括变暖和变冷，干旱和湿润间隔都出现在全新世历史中，但随着气候继续变暖，似乎不容易预测。

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来源期刊

Journal of Biogeography 环境科学-生态学

CiteScore

7.70

自引率

5.10%

发文量

203

审稿时长

2.2 months

期刊介绍： Papers dealing with all aspects of spatial, ecological and historical biogeography are considered for publication in Journal of Biogeography. The mission of the journal is to contribute to the growth and societal relevance of the discipline of biogeography through its role in the dissemination of biogeographical research.