Physicochemical Processes Occurring under Grinding Metals with the Use of Impregnated Abrasive Tools

Abstract

Improving the efficiency for grinding the parts of machines and mechanisms provides for the choice of rational processing modes, the characteristics of the abrasive tool and the cutting fluid, as well as the selection of modifying additives impregnated into the body of the grinding wheel. Interrrelations between the chemical composition and the main physicochemical and operational properties of the cutting fluid, which determine its efficiency in increasing the processing productivity and surface quality in the course of grinding have been investigated. The studies have been performed in order to reveal the character of physicochemical phenomena in a contact zone between abrasive grains and metal under processing with the use of an RSZ-2 unit. A mechanism determining the effect of thermoelectric phenomena on the interaction between the abrasive grain and the metal in the presence of a lubricating-and-cooling agent (cutting fluid) in the course of grinding has been revealed. It is shown that the grinding process can be considered as a continuous change in the energy of atomic and molecular interactions in a three-phase metal–lubricant–abrasive grain interfacial system.