High biomass content in epoxy vitrimers: a study on bio-based and reprocessable thermosets

IF 2.8 4区工程技术 Q2 POLYMER SCIENCE

Macromolecular Research Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI:10.1007/s13233-024-00333-y

Jonghyeok Jeon, Chungryong Choi

{"title":"High biomass content in epoxy vitrimers: a study on bio-based and reprocessable thermosets","authors":"Jonghyeok Jeon, Chungryong Choi","doi":"10.1007/s13233-024-00333-y","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study reports the development of a novel biomass-based epoxy vitrimer using bio-derived monomers and a fully bio-based cross-linking agent. Specifically, di-epoxy, tri-epoxy, and soybean oil (SO)-epoxy monomers were synthesized from renewable sources of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), protocatechuic acid (PCA), and soybean oil, respectively. A fully bio-based tetra-functional thiol cross-linker was also synthesized from <i>α</i>-lipoic acid. The resulting epoxy resins exhibited high biomass contents (77.10% for di-epoxy, 74.30% for tri-epoxy, and 74.00% for SO-epoxy) demonstrating their sustainability. These resins, which can be cured at relatively low temperatures, exhibited exceptional mechanical properties with tensile strengths of up to 55.76 MPa. Moreover, the resins exhibited stress–relaxation behavior and reprocessing capabilities through the integration of thiol–epoxy reactions and transesterification, marking a significant advancement in the development of sustainable alternatives to conventional petroleum-based thermosets. This study underscores the potential application of these bio-based, reprocessable epoxy vitrimers to the reduction of environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":688,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Research","volume":"33 3","pages":"345 - 354"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Macromolecular Research","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13233-024-00333-y","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"POLYMER SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study reports the development of a novel biomass-based epoxy vitrimer using bio-derived monomers and a fully bio-based cross-linking agent. Specifically, di-epoxy, tri-epoxy, and soybean oil (SO)-epoxy monomers were synthesized from renewable sources of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), protocatechuic acid (PCA), and soybean oil, respectively. A fully bio-based tetra-functional thiol cross-linker was also synthesized from α-lipoic acid. The resulting epoxy resins exhibited high biomass contents (77.10% for di-epoxy, 74.30% for tri-epoxy, and 74.00% for SO-epoxy) demonstrating their sustainability. These resins, which can be cured at relatively low temperatures, exhibited exceptional mechanical properties with tensile strengths of up to 55.76 MPa. Moreover, the resins exhibited stress–relaxation behavior and reprocessing capabilities through the integration of thiol–epoxy reactions and transesterification, marking a significant advancement in the development of sustainable alternatives to conventional petroleum-based thermosets. This study underscores the potential application of these bio-based, reprocessable epoxy vitrimers to the reduction of environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.

Graphical abstract

查看原文本刊更多论文

高生物质含量环氧树脂：生物基和可再加工热固性树脂的研究

本研究报告了利用生物衍生单体和全生物基交联剂开发的一种新型生物质基环氧玻璃体。具体而言，分别以2,5-呋喃二甲酸（FDCA）、原儿茶酸（PCA）和大豆油为原料合成了二环氧、三环氧和大豆油（SO）环氧单体。以α-硫辛酸为原料合成了全生物基四功能巯基交联剂。所得环氧树脂具有较高的生物量含量（二环氧树脂77.10%，三环氧树脂74.30%，so -环氧树脂74.00%），具有可持续性。这些树脂可以在相对较低的温度下固化，表现出优异的机械性能，抗拉强度高达55.76 MPa。此外，该树脂通过整合硫-环氧反应和酯交换反应表现出应力松弛行为和后处理能力，标志着传统石油基热固性树脂的可持续替代品的发展取得了重大进展。这项研究强调了这些生物基、可再加工的环氧树脂在减少环境污染和温室气体排放方面的潜在应用。图形抽象

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Macromolecular Research 工程技术-高分子科学

CiteScore

4.70

自引率

8.30%

发文量

100

审稿时长

1.3 months

期刊介绍： Original research on all aspects of polymer science, engineering and technology, including nanotechnology Presents original research articles on all aspects of polymer science, engineering and technology Coverage extends to such topics as nanotechnology, biotechnology and information technology The English-language journal of the Polymer Society of Korea Macromolecular Research is a scientific journal published monthly by the Polymer Society of Korea. Macromolecular Research publishes original researches on all aspects of polymer science, engineering, and technology as well as new emerging technologies using polymeric materials including nanotechnology, biotechnology, and information technology in forms of Articles, Communications, Notes, Reviews, and Feature articles.