LEPR gene polymorphisms and pneumonia risk in Taiwanese schizophrenia patients under clozapine treatment

IF 3.6 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Schizophrenia Research Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI:10.1016/j.schres.2025.03.014

Hui-Ching Huang , Bo-Jian Wu , Chuan-Hsun Yu , Chao-Zong Liu , Lawrence Shih-Hsin Wu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Clozapine, the preferred medication for treatment-resistant schizophrenia, elevates leptin and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in patients' blood. Inhibition of the clozapine metabolic enzyme CYP1A2 can potentially lead to toxicity and pneumonia. Leptin has a pro-inflammatory effect on the immune system. This study explores whether polymorphisms in the leptin (LEP) and leptin receptor (LEPR) genes are associated with increased risk of clozapine-induced pneumonia.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study was conducted with 302 consecutive schizophrenia patients who had been on clozapine for at least 6 months. Blood samples were collected to identify genetic polymorphisms in the LEP and LEPR genes, and the association between these polymorphisms and pneumonia incidence was analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models.

Results

Among the SNPs in the LEPR gene, individuals with the A/A genotype of rs1137101 had a 14.96-fold higher pneumonia risk than those with the G/G genotype (p = 0.001). Carriers of the G/G genotype of rs1805096 had a 3.72-fold increased risk compared to those with A/A (p = 0.033). For rs6657868, the A/G and G/G genotypes were associated with 2.23-fold (p = 0.005) and 6.73-fold (p = 0.013) higher risks, respectively, compared to the A/A genotype. Similarly, for rs9436746, the A/C and C/C genotypes had 2.25-fold (p = 0.005) and 5.37-fold (p = 0.029) increased risks, respectively, compared to A/A.

Conclusion

LEPR polymorphisms associated with an increased risk of pneumonia in Taiwanese schizophrenia patients treated with clozapine.

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来源期刊

Schizophrenia Research 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

7.50

自引率

8.90%

发文量

429

审稿时长

10.2 weeks

期刊介绍： As official journal of the Schizophrenia International Research Society (SIRS) Schizophrenia Research is THE journal of choice for international researchers and clinicians to share their work with the global schizophrenia research community. More than 6000 institutes have online or print (or both) access to this journal - the largest specialist journal in the field, with the largest readership! Schizophrenia Research''s time to first decision is as fast as 6 weeks and its publishing speed is as fast as 4 weeks until online publication (corrected proof/Article in Press) after acceptance and 14 weeks from acceptance until publication in a printed issue. The journal publishes novel papers that really contribute to understanding the biology and treatment of schizophrenic disorders; Schizophrenia Research brings together biological, clinical and psychological research in order to stimulate the synthesis of findings from all disciplines involved in improving patient outcomes in schizophrenia.