Self-powered flexible force-sensing sensor based on triboelectric nanogenerator: Practical applications in non-destructive harvesting of fresh fruits and vegetables

IF 16.8 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Nano Energy Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI:10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110860

Mingyang Lu , Linlin Sun , Jing Wang , Haidi Chu , Guang Yang , Eunice Oluwabunmi Owoola , Xiangjie Zhao , Hongjian Zhang , Mochen Liu , Zhanhua Song , Wei Tang , Jinxing Wang , Yinfa Yan

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Abstract

Force sensing is a key capability for robots to achieve precise operations and interactions, especially in scenarios requiring soft sensing abilities for non-destructive grasping of irregular and fragile objects. With the development of triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) theory, flexible self-powered sensing has emerged as a new approach for enabling self-driven perception in robots. However, the reported TENG electrodes are mostly made of rigid metal materials, facing challenges such as limited stretchability, low power outputs, and complicated fabrication processes. Herein, we report a ionogel-based triboelectric nanogenerator (IG-TENG), with good stretchability and precise force-sensing capabilities. A self-developed ionogel is applied as the conductive layer for the IG-TENG, which owns high stretchability (∼ 711 %) and great electrical conductivity (4.4 mS/cm). Then, we explored the application of IG-TENG in the non-destructive harvesting of fresh fruits and vegetables. It is then integrated with flexible end-effectors to sense their interaction forces during grasping. The results show that the force-sensing model based on IG-TENG exhibits high sensitivity (3.53 V/N), excellent linearity (R²= 0.989), and strong adaptability to varied postures, achieving an accuracy of up to 93.77 %. This study advances the implementation of non-destructive harvesting for fresh produce and offers an innovative solution for force sensing in robotic end-effectors.

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来源期刊

Nano Energy CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL-NANOSCIENCE & NANOTECHNOLOGY

CiteScore

30.30

自引率

7.40%

发文量

1207

审稿时长

23 days

期刊介绍： Nano Energy is a multidisciplinary, rapid-publication forum of original peer-reviewed contributions on the science and engineering of nanomaterials and nanodevices used in all forms of energy harvesting, conversion, storage, utilization and policy. Through its mixture of articles, reviews, communications, research news, and information on key developments, Nano Energy provides a comprehensive coverage of this exciting and dynamic field which joins nanoscience and nanotechnology with energy science. The journal is relevant to all those who are interested in nanomaterials solutions to the energy problem. Nano Energy publishes original experimental and theoretical research on all aspects of energy-related research which utilizes nanomaterials and nanotechnology. Manuscripts of four types are considered: review articles which inform readers of the latest research and advances in energy science; rapid communications which feature exciting research breakthroughs in the field; full-length articles which report comprehensive research developments; and news and opinions which comment on topical issues or express views on the developments in related fields.