Geospatial Clustering of 9-1-1 Responses for Pediatric Firearm Injuries Over Time.

IF 6.2 2区医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS

Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI:10.1542/peds.2024-068179

Craig D Newgard, Susan Malveau, Amber Lin, Patrick Carter, Jason Goldstick, Jennifer N B Cook, N Clay Mann, Xubo Song, Sean R Babcock, Nathan Kuppermann, Apoorva Salvi, Mary E Fallat, Peter C Jenkins, Ran Wei

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives: We evaluated spatial clustering of pediatric firearm injuries using national 9-1-1 emergency medical services (EMS) responses, locations where these events occurred, and geographic changes over time.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study from January 1, 2012 through December 31, 2022 using 9-1-1 EMS responses for children in 50 states from the National EMS Information Systems (NEMSIS). For 37 states with continuous data over the study period, we evaluated spatial changes over time. We included children aged 0 to 17 years with a 9-1-1 EMS response including transports, nontransports, and deaths at the scene. We stratified by child (0-10 years) and adolescent (11-17 years) age groups. The outcome was firearm injury, regardless of intent or severity.

Results: There were 10 521 575 9-1-1 EMS responses from 30 393 incident zip codes, including 26 101 (0.25%) for firearm injuries (3679 [14.1%] in children and 22 422 [85.9%] in adolescents). Among 3679 children with firearm injuries, 2975 (80.9%) occurred in their home zip code and 1490 (40.5%) occurred in a cluster. Among 22 422 adolescents with firearm injuries, 15 635 (69.7%) occurred in their home zip code and 11 551 (51.5%) occurred in a cluster. Among 37 states (n = 6 103 297 events, n = 11 433 zip codes), 213 of 446 (47.8%) clustered zip codes for children were new in 2022 and 148 of 461 (32.1%) clustered zip codes for adolescents were new. Results were similar when using home zip codes.

Conclusions: There was spatial clustering of pediatric firearm injuries, commonly in their home zip code. The number of zip codes included in pediatric firearm hotspots is increasing.

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儿童火器伤害911响应的地理空间聚类分析

目的：我们利用国家911紧急医疗服务（EMS）响应、这些事件发生的地点以及随时间的地理变化来评估儿童火器伤害的空间聚类。方法：这是一项横断面研究，从2012年1月1日到2022年12月31日，使用国家EMS信息系统（NEMSIS）对50个州儿童的911 EMS回应。对于研究期间连续数据的37个州，我们评估了随时间的空间变化。我们纳入了年龄在0到17岁之间的儿童，急救响应包括运输、非运输和现场死亡。我们按儿童（0-10岁）和青少年（11-17岁）年龄组进行分层。结果是火器伤害，无论其意图或严重程度如何。结果：30 393个邮政编码地区共收到10 521 575份急救回复，其中枪支伤害26 101份（0.25%），其中儿童3679份（14.1%），青少年22 422份（85.9%）。在3679例火器伤害儿童中，2975例（80.9%）发生在其家庭邮政编码中，1490例（40.5%）发生在群集中。在22 422例火器伤害青少年中，15 635例（69.7%）发生在其家庭邮政编码，11 551例（51.5%）发生在群集中。在37个州（n = 6 103 297个事件，n = 11 433个邮政编码）中，446个儿童聚集邮政编码中有213个（47.8%）是2022年新出现的，461个青少年聚集邮政编码中有148个（32.1%）是新出现的。当使用家庭邮政编码时，结果相似。结论：儿童火器伤害具有空间聚类性，主要发生在其家庭邮政编码区域。儿童枪支热点地区的邮政编码数量正在增加。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Pediatrics 医学-小儿科

CiteScore

12.80

自引率

5.00%

发文量

791

审稿时长

2-3 weeks

期刊介绍： The Pediatrics® journal is the official flagship journal of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). It is widely cited in the field of pediatric medicine and is recognized as the leading journal in the field. The journal publishes original research and evidence-based articles, which provide authoritative information to help readers stay up-to-date with the latest developments in pediatric medicine. The content is peer-reviewed and undergoes rigorous evaluation to ensure its quality and reliability. Pediatrics also serves as a valuable resource for conducting new research studies and supporting education and training activities in the field of pediatrics. It aims to enhance the quality of pediatric outpatient and inpatient care by disseminating valuable knowledge and insights. As of 2023, Pediatrics has an impressive Journal Impact Factor (IF) Score of 8.0. The IF is a measure of a journal's influence and importance in the scientific community, with higher scores indicating a greater impact. This score reflects the significance and reach of the research published in Pediatrics, further establishing its prominence in the field of pediatric medicine.