Preserving the Biologically Coherent Generic Concept of Phytophthora, "Plant Destroyer".

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

Phytopathology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-21 DOI:10.1094/PHYTO-11-24-0372-LE

Clive M Brasier, Niklaus J Grünwald, Tyler B Bourret, Francine Govers, Bruno Scanu, David E L Cooke, Tanay Bose, David L Hawksworth, Z Gloria Abad, M Victoria Albarracin, Wael Alsultan, Astrid E Altamirano-Junqueira, Arild R Arifin, Matthew J Arnet, Herbert Dustin R Aumentado, József Bakonyi, Wei H Belisle, Alessandra Benigno, John C Bienapfl, Guillaume J Bilodeau, Jaime E Blair, Leticia Botella, Andrea Brandano, Santa Olga Cacciola, Ignazio Carbone, Vanina L Castroagudin, Narayanan Chaendaekattu, Jonathan D Consford, Tamara Corcobado, Paul A Covey, Hazel A Daniels, Antonio Deidda, Anne E Dorrance, Erika N Dort, André Drenth, Fryni Drizou, Edouard Evangelisti, Sebastian N Fajardo, Yufeng Fang, Christopher M Ference, Susan J Frankel, Erica M Goss, David I Guest, Giles E S J Hardy, Anna R H Harris, Mehari Desta Hawku, Kurt Heungens, Chuanxue Hong, Ian J Horner, Marília Horta Jung, Olumayowa J Iyanda, Brittney-Aidan Jamieson, Steven N Jeffers, Howard S Judelson, Muhammad Junaid, Eleni Kalogeropoulou, Sophien Kamoun, Seogchan Kang, Takao Kasuga, Tomáš Kudláček, Jared LeBoldus, Christopher A Lee, DeWei Li, Alejandro K Llanos, Horacio D Lopez-Nicora, Helena Machado, Gaetano Magnano di San Lio, Cristiana Maia, Kajal Mandal, Patricia Manosalva, Frank N Martin, Michael E H Matson, Rebecca L McDougal, John M McDowell, Richard W Michelmore, Ivan Milenković, Salvatore Moricca, Reza Mostowfizadeh-Ghalamfarsa, Zoltán Á Nagy, Ekaterina V Nikolaeva, Paula Ortega-López, Trudy Paap, Camilo H Parada-Rojas, Francesca Peduto Hand, Ana Pérez-Sierra, Martin Pettersson, Pramod Prasad, Alina S Puig, Milica Raco, Nasir A Rajput, Jean B Ristaino, Suzanne Rooney-Latham, Michael F Seidl, Simon F Shamoun, Alejandro Solla, Christoffel F J Spies, Martha A Sudermann, Tedmund J Swiecki, Miaoying Tian, Sucheta Tripathy, Seiji Uematsu, Kris Van Poucke, Aikaterini E Vichou, Monika Walter, Joan F Webber, Nari M Williams, Michael J Wingfield, Dhananjay Yadav, Xiao Yang, Thomas Jung

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Phytophthora is a long-established, well-known, and globally important genus of plant pathogens. Phylogenetic evidence has shown that the biologically distinct, obligate biotrophic downy mildews evolved from Phytophthora at least twice. Because, cladistically, this renders Phytophthora "paraphyletic," it has been proposed that Phytophthora evolutionary clades be split into multiple genera (Crous et al. 2021; Runge et al. 2011; Thines 2023, 2024). In this letter, we review arguments for the retention of the generic name Phytophthora with a broad circumscription made by Brasier et al. (2022) and by many delegates at an open workshop organized by The American Phytopathological Society. We present our well-considered responses to the genus splitting proposals, both in general terms and in terms of the specific proposals for new genera, alongside new information regarding the biological properties and mode of origin of the Phytophthora clades. We consider that the proposals are mostly non-rigorous and not supported by the scientific evidence. Further, given (i) the apparent lack of any distinguishing biological characteristics (synapomorphies) between the Phytophthora clades; (ii) the fundamental monophyly of Phytophthora in the original Haeckelian sense (Haeckel 1877); (iii) the fact that paraphyly is not a justification for taxonomic splitting; and (iv) the considerable likely damage to effective scientific communication and disease management from an unnecessary breakup of the genus, we report that workshop delegates voted unanimously in favor of preserving the current generic concept and for seeking endorsement of this view by a working group of the International Commission on the Taxonomy of Fungi. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.

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保存“植物破坏者”疫霉生物学上一致的通用概念。

疫霉（Phytophthora）是一个历史悠久、为人熟知且在全球具有重要意义的植物病原体属。系统发育证据表明，生物学上独特的专性生物营养性霜霉从疫霉进化至少两次。因为，从进化的角度来看，这使得疫霉菌具有“泛葡萄性”，因此有人提出疫霉菌进化枝可以分成多个属(Runge et al. 2011；Crous等人，2021；Thines等人。2023；你2024)。在这封信中，我们通过Brasier等人（2022）和许多代表在美国植物病理学学会组织的一次公开研讨会上提出的广泛限制，回顾了保留Phytophthora通用名称的争论。我们对这一一般性建议和新属的具体建议提出经过深思熟虑的答复；以及关于疫霉菌枝的生物学特性和起源方式的新信息。我们认为新属的建议大多不严谨，没有科学证据支持。此外，鉴于(1)疫霉菌枝之间明显缺乏任何显著的生物学特征（突触形态）；(2)原始海克尔意义上的疫霉菌的基本单一性；(3) paraphyly不能作为分类学分裂的理由；(4)由于该属的不必要分裂可能对有效的科学交流和疾病管理造成相当大的损害，我们报告说，讲习班代表一致投票赞成保留目前的通用概念，并寻求国际真菌分类委员会工作组对这一观点的认可。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Phytopathology 生物-植物科学

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

9.40%

发文量

505

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Phytopathology publishes articles on fundamental research that advances understanding of the nature of plant diseases, the agents that cause them, their spread, the losses they cause, and measures that can be used to control them. Phytopathology considers manuscripts covering all aspects of plant diseases including bacteriology, host-parasite biochemistry and cell biology, biological control, disease control and pest management, description of new pathogen species description of new pathogen species, ecology and population biology, epidemiology, disease etiology, host genetics and resistance, mycology, nematology, plant stress and abiotic disorders, postharvest pathology and mycotoxins, and virology. Papers dealing mainly with taxonomy, such as descriptions of new plant pathogen taxa are acceptable if they include plant disease research results such as pathogenicity, host range, etc. Taxonomic papers that focus on classification, identification, and nomenclature below the subspecies level may also be submitted to Phytopathology.