Gengnianchun formula ameliorates insulin resistance-induced diminished ovarian reserve via the estrogen signaling pathway: evidence from network pharmacology and experimental validation.

IF 3.8 3区 医学 Q1 REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY
Yanqiu Rao, Jun Li, Ting Xu, Lingyun Gao, Wenjun Wang
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Diminished ovarian reserve (DOR), a major cause of female infertility, is closely linked to insulin resistance (IR). Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) approaches, such as the Gengnianchun (GNC) formula, focus on restoring ovarian function by improving IR and regulating hormonal balance. Despite GNC's demonstrated efficacy, its precise therapeutic mechanisms remain unclear.

Objective: This study aims to elucidate the mechanisms by which GNC ameliorates IR-induced DOR through comprehensive pharmacological and experimental validation.

Methods: The study combined Liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer (LC-MS), ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC-TOF-MS/MS), network pharmacology, and molecular docking to identify active components and key therapeutic targets of GNC. Functional enrichment analyses (GO and KEGG) and molecular docking studies were performed. A high-fat diet-induced mouse model of IR-DOR was established, followed by GNC treatment at varying doses. Therapeutic effects were evaluated via qRT-PCR, western blot, immunofluorescence, and histological analysis.

Results: GNC contains 219 active ingredients targeting 53 genes associated with IR-induced DOR. KEGG analysis revealed the estrogen signaling pathway as a key mechanism. High-dose GNC significantly improved IR and ovarian reserve by increasing AKT1, ESR1, and ESR2 expression, as confirmed by qRT-PCR, western blot and immunofluorescence analysis. These findings indicate that GNC enhances insulin sensitivity, promotes follicular development, and restores ovarian function.

Conclusions: This study demonstrates for the first time that GNC alleviates IR-induced DOR by modulating the estrogen signaling pathway and activating key molecular targets. These results provide a foundation for clinical research and the development of novel therapeutic strategies for DOR.

Clinical trial number: Not applicable.

更年春方通过雌激素信号通路改善胰岛素抵抗引起的卵巢储备功能下降:网络药理学证据和实验验证。
背景:卵巢储备功能减退(DOR)与胰岛素抵抗(IR)密切相关,是女性不孕症的主要原因。更年春(GNC)配方等传统中医方法侧重于通过改善IR和调节激素平衡来恢复卵巢功能。尽管GNC的疗效已得到证实,但其确切的治疗机制尚不清楚。目的:本研究旨在通过综合药理学和实验验证,阐明GNC改善ir诱导DOR的机制。方法:结合液相色谱-质谱(LC-MS)、超高效液相色谱(UPLC-TOF-MS/MS)、网络药理学、分子对接等方法,鉴定GNC的有效成分和关键治疗靶点。功能富集分析(GO和KEGG)和分子对接研究。建立高脂饮食诱导的IR-DOR小鼠模型,然后给予不同剂量的GNC治疗。通过qRT-PCR、western blot、免疫荧光和组织学分析评估治疗效果。结果:GNC含有219种有效成分,靶向53个与ir诱导DOR相关的基因。KEGG分析显示雌激素信号通路是其关键机制。qRT-PCR、western blot和免疫荧光分析证实,高剂量GNC通过增加AKT1、ESR1和ESR2的表达,显著改善IR和卵巢储备。这些发现表明GNC增强胰岛素敏感性,促进卵泡发育,恢复卵巢功能。结论:本研究首次证实GNC通过调节雌激素信号通路,激活关键分子靶点,减轻ir诱导的DOR。这些结果为DOR的临床研究和新治疗策略的开发提供了基础。临床试验号:不适用。
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来源期刊
Journal of Ovarian Research
Journal of Ovarian Research REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY-
CiteScore
6.20
自引率
2.50%
发文量
125
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Ovarian Research is an open access, peer reviewed, online journal that aims to provide a forum for high-quality basic and clinical research on ovarian function, abnormalities, and cancer. The journal focuses on research that provides new insights into ovarian functions as well as prevention and treatment of diseases afflicting the organ. Topical areas include, but are not restricted to: Ovary development, hormone secretion and regulation Follicle growth and ovulation Infertility and Polycystic ovarian syndrome Regulation of pituitary and other biological functions by ovarian hormones Ovarian cancer, its prevention, diagnosis and treatment Drug development and screening Role of stem cells in ovary development and function.
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