Computed tomography accuracy and features in detecting open globe injuries in patients with ocular trauma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Abstract

Open globe injuries (OGIs) can have devastating impacts on patients' lives. Early detection of OGIs is crucial for improving outcomes, as any delay in treatment can result in significant consequences. Radiological imaging, particularly computed tomography (CT), aids ophthalmologists in diagnosing this condition, especially in challenging cases. This literature review aimed to evaluate the accuracy of CT scans in identifying features of OGIs based on current evidence. This systematic review adhered to the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol. PubMed and EBSCOhost databases were searched using the keywords 'rupture globe' or 'open globe' and 'computed tomography' or 'CT'. Articles published in English between 1990 and 2023 were considered for inclusion, whereas review articles were excluded from the analysis. The initial search yielded 169 studies, and nine studies were included in the final screening. This review encompassed 917 eyes. The pooled specificity of the CT scan in detecting OGIs among patients with ocular trauma was 0.94 with 95% CI (0.92-0.96), and the pooled sensitivity was 0.77 with 95% CI (0.72-0.81). The area under the curve was 0.91, indicating the excellent ability of the CT scan to detect open globe injury. CT scans demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy for detecting OGI. While CT is highly effective in identifying ocular trauma, careful interpretations remain essential. Additional studies with larger sample sizes are recommended to refine its diagnostic role further.