The effect of geomorphic and anthropogenic factors on the karst spring occurrence (case studies of central Zagros Mountain Range, Iran)

IF 2.3 4区 地球科学
Mehrnoosh Ghadimi, Samaneh Esmaili, Seiyed Mossa Hosseini, Mohammadali Kiani
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Karst groundwaters are vulnerable and essential resources that require comprehensive management for protection and preservation. For this purpose, awareness of effective factors (water quality, low pollution vulnerability, steady temperature, low susceptibility to environmental disaster and climate change) are required for the development of karst water resources and their quality management. Identifying the spatial distribution of springs in karst settings is important for a better understanding of groundwater flow because springs are the terminal sites of karst flow networks which are often understudied. This study aims to identify the location of karst spring occurrence with an emphasis on geomorphic factors using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Logistic Regression (LR) model. As the case studies in this research, the Lordegan and Shahrekord karst basins located in Iran’s Zagros Mountains were selected. Nine factors influencing spring occurrence are considered and classified into four major groups: geological layer (lithology and distance from fault), hydrology layer (distance from river and drainage density), geomorphological layer (slope, aspect, elevation, and plan curvature), and anthropogenic layer (land use/land cover). The occurrence map of karst groundwater spring weighed by AHP was classified into five classes (very low, low, moderate, high, and very high) and both basins were in very high to moderate class. The geological layer (i.e., lithology and distance from faults) was the most significant geomorphological factor in the Lordegan basin, with the weight of 56.3%, whereas the topographical layer (i.e., slope, aspect, elevation, and curvature) was in the Shahrekord basin, with the weight of 38.4%. Due to the high-altitude of the studied basins (1944–3297 m), the land use/land cover layer had the lowest weight.

地貌和人为因素对岩溶泉发生的影响(以伊朗扎格罗斯山脉中部为例)
岩溶地下水是一种脆弱的重要资源,需要进行综合管理以保护和保存。为此,喀斯特水资源的开发和质量管理需要对水质、低污染脆弱性、温度稳定、对环境灾害和气候变化的低易感性等有效因素有所认识。确定岩溶环境中泉水的空间分布对于更好地理解地下水流动具有重要意义,因为泉水是岩溶流动网络的终端,而这一网络往往未得到充分的研究。利用层次分析法(AHP)和Logistic回归(LR)模型,以地貌因素为重点,对喀斯特泉的产状进行了定位。本文选取了位于伊朗扎格罗斯山脉的Lordegan和Shahrekord岩溶盆地作为研究案例。考虑了影响春季发生的9个因素,并将其分为4大类:地质层(岩性和与断层的距离)、水文层(与河流的距离和排水密度)、地貌层(坡度、坡向、高程和平面曲率)和人为层(土地利用/土地覆盖)。通过AHP加权,将岩溶地下水泉产状图划分为极低、低、中、高、极高5个级别,两个流域均处于极高至中等级别。地质层(即岩性和断层距离)是洛德根盆地最重要的地貌因子,权重为56.3%,而地形层(即坡度、坡向、高程和曲率)在沙赫里科德盆地中最重要,权重为38.4%。由于研究流域海拔较高(1944 ~ 3297 m),土地利用/土地覆盖层权重最低。
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来源期刊
Acta Geophysica
Acta Geophysica GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS-
CiteScore
3.80
自引率
13.00%
发文量
251
期刊介绍: Acta Geophysica is open to all kinds of manuscripts including research and review articles, short communications, comments to published papers, letters to the Editor as well as book reviews. Some of the issues are fully devoted to particular topics; we do encourage proposals for such topical issues. We accept submissions from scientists world-wide, offering high scientific and editorial standard and comprehensive treatment of the discussed topics.
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