{"title":"Optimizing forced circulation crystallizer performance in zero discharge desalination using artificial neural networks","authors":"S. Saatchi, F. Farahbod, O. Alizadeh","doi":"10.1007/s13762-024-06258-4","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Brine discharge from desalination processes poses ecological risks due to thermal and salinity stress. Zero discharge desalination (ZDD) technologies like forced circulation crystallization (FCC) recover salts from concentrated brine. This study investigates FCC performance and develops an artificial neural network (ANN) model to optimize operational parameters. Key variables considered include crystallizer capacity, residence time, heat exchanger temperature, cooling water flow rate, crystal size distribution, water recovery, and energy consumption. A feed-forward backpropagation ANN with 14 hidden neurons, trained using the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm, was implemented. Model predictions were validated against experimental data. The results of the laboratory studies show that the optimal residence time and the best flow rate of incoming cold water are 4 h and 10 kg/min, respectively. Also, 70% can be introduced as the optimal occupied volume. This study shows that the total cost of the conventional crystallizer is about 30% higher than the total cost of the optimized crystallizer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":589,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology","volume":"22 7","pages":"5577 - 5590"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13762-024-06258-4","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Brine discharge from desalination processes poses ecological risks due to thermal and salinity stress. Zero discharge desalination (ZDD) technologies like forced circulation crystallization (FCC) recover salts from concentrated brine. This study investigates FCC performance and develops an artificial neural network (ANN) model to optimize operational parameters. Key variables considered include crystallizer capacity, residence time, heat exchanger temperature, cooling water flow rate, crystal size distribution, water recovery, and energy consumption. A feed-forward backpropagation ANN with 14 hidden neurons, trained using the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm, was implemented. Model predictions were validated against experimental data. The results of the laboratory studies show that the optimal residence time and the best flow rate of incoming cold water are 4 h and 10 kg/min, respectively. Also, 70% can be introduced as the optimal occupied volume. This study shows that the total cost of the conventional crystallizer is about 30% higher than the total cost of the optimized crystallizer.
期刊介绍:
International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology (IJEST) is an international scholarly refereed research journal which aims to promote the theory and practice of environmental science and technology, innovation, engineering and management.
A broad outline of the journal''s scope includes: peer reviewed original research articles, case and technical reports, reviews and analyses papers, short communications and notes to the editor, in interdisciplinary information on the practice and status of research in environmental science and technology, both natural and man made.
The main aspects of research areas include, but are not exclusive to; environmental chemistry and biology, environments pollution control and abatement technology, transport and fate of pollutants in the environment, concentrations and dispersion of wastes in air, water, and soil, point and non-point sources pollution, heavy metals and organic compounds in the environment, atmospheric pollutants and trace gases, solid and hazardous waste management; soil biodegradation and bioremediation of contaminated sites; environmental impact assessment, industrial ecology, ecological and human risk assessment; improved energy management and auditing efficiency and environmental standards and criteria.