Morphological and molecular characterisation of Sarcocystis capracanis, Sarcocystis cornagliai and Sarcocystis rossii n. sp. infecting the Alpine ibex (Capra ibex).

IF 3 2区 医学 Q1 PARASITOLOGY
Eglė Rudaitytė-Lukošienė, Steffen Rehbein, Rafael Calero-Bernal, Dalius Butkauskas, Petras Prakas
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: The cyst-forming coccidia of the genus Sarcocystis (Sarcocystidae) are widespread protists of mammals, particularly of domestic and wild ruminants. Research on genus Sarcocystis in wild members of the subfamily Caprinae is, however, rather limited. Sarcocystis in the Alpine ibex (Capra ibex) have only been investigated in depth once and then solely by morphological techniques. In the current investigation we aimed to morphologically and genetically characterise Sarcocystis species of Alpine ibex in Austria.

Methods: Sarcocysts detected in the diaphragm and myocardium muscles were morphologically described using light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Isolated sarcocysts were molecularly identified and characterised at the level of the 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene and cytochrome c oxidase I gene (cox1). The obtained sequences were subjected to phylogenetic analysis.

Results: Three Sarcocystis species, namely S. capracanis, S. cornagliai and S. rossii n. sp., were found in Alpine ibex. For the first time, we genetically characterised S. cornagliai, which is most closely related to Sarcocystis species that are transmitted by corvid birds. Sarcocysts of S. rossii n. sp. were found to be ribbon-shaped, with pointed tips. Hair-like protrusions about 5 μm in length were observed on sarcocyst walls. Observation of toluidine blue-stained semi-thin sections revealed that the sarcocyst of S. rossii n. sp. was thin-walled. Using TEM, cyst walls were observed to be similar to type 7a, with thin hair-like villar protrusions on the cyst wall, which were filled with many fine electron-dense granules. The ground substance layer was particularly thin, measuring 0.2-0.4 μm. The cox1 sequences of S. rossii n. sp. had the highest similarity to those of Sarcocystis arieticanis and Sarcocystis hircicanis. Sarcocystis rossii n. sp. had a close phylogenetic relationship with species that use canids as definitive hosts.

Conclusions: This study confirms the role of the Alpine ibex as an intermediate host of three Sarcocystis species and sets a new host record for S. capracanis. It also provides the first molecular data on Sarcocystis from Alpine ibex and on S. cornagliai. In addition, a new species, S. rossii, was identified and described. Phylogenetic analyses suggested corvid birds and canids as potential definitive hosts for S. cornagliai and S. rossii n. sp., respectively.

高山野山羊(Capra ibex)感染的capracanis、cornagliai和rossii n. sps的形态和分子特征。
背景:肉囊虫属球虫(肉囊虫科)是广泛存在于哺乳动物,特别是家养和野生反刍动物中的原生生物。然而,对肉囊菌亚科野生成员的研究相当有限。高山野山羊(Capra ibex)的肉囊病只进行过一次深入的研究,而且仅通过形态学技术。在目前的调查中,我们的目的是形态学和遗传学特征在奥地利阿尔卑斯野山羊的肉囊菌物种。方法:采用光镜和透射电镜对横膈膜和心肌肌内发现的肌囊进行形态学观察。在18S核糖体RNA (rRNA)基因和细胞色素c氧化酶I基因(cox1)水平上对分离的肌囊进行分子鉴定和表征。得到的序列进行了系统发育分析。结果:高山野山羊中发现3种肉囊菌,分别为S. capracanis、S. cornagliai和S. rossii n. sp。我们首次对S. cornagliai进行了遗传鉴定,它与由鸦科鸟类传播的Sarcocystis物种最密切相关。发现棘球蚴囊呈带状,顶端尖。结节壁上可见长约5 μm的毛发状突起。甲苯胺蓝染色半薄切片显示,罗氏棘球蚴呈薄壁结构。透射电镜观察到囊壁与7a型相似,囊壁上有细小的绒毛状突起,绒毛状突起内充满了许多精细的电子致密颗粒。地面物质层特别薄,厚度为0.2 ~ 0.4 μm。罗氏孢子虫的cox1序列与arieticanis和hircicistis的cox1序列相似性最高。与以犬科动物为最终寄主的物种有密切的系统发育关系。结论:本研究证实了高山野山羊作为3种肉囊虫中间寄主的作用,并为S. capracanis创造了新的寄主记录。该研究还首次提供了高山野山羊和山羊肉囊菌的分子数据。此外,还发现并描述了一种新种——红杉(S. rossii)。系统发育分析表明,鸦科鸟类和犬科动物分别是S. cornagliai和S. rossii n. sp的潜在最终宿主。
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来源期刊
Parasites & Vectors
Parasites & Vectors 医学-寄生虫学
CiteScore
6.30
自引率
9.40%
发文量
433
审稿时长
1.4 months
期刊介绍: Parasites & Vectors is an open access, peer-reviewed online journal dealing with the biology of parasites, parasitic diseases, intermediate hosts, vectors and vector-borne pathogens. Manuscripts published in this journal will be available to all worldwide, with no barriers to access, immediately following acceptance. However, authors retain the copyright of their material and may use it, or distribute it, as they wish. Manuscripts on all aspects of the basic and applied biology of parasites, intermediate hosts, vectors and vector-borne pathogens will be considered. In addition to the traditional and well-established areas of science in these fields, we also aim to provide a vehicle for publication of the rapidly developing resources and technology in parasite, intermediate host and vector genomics and their impacts on biological research. We are able to publish large datasets and extensive results, frequently associated with genomic and post-genomic technologies, which are not readily accommodated in traditional journals. Manuscripts addressing broader issues, for example economics, social sciences and global climate change in relation to parasites, vectors and disease control, are also welcomed.
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