Comparative Evaluation of Wastewater and Greywater Treatment by Algal Membrane Photobioreactor for Small Communities

IF 3 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI:10.1007/s11270-025-07854-x

Md. Shafiquzzaman, Husnain Haider, Amimul Ahsan, Abdelkader T. Ahmed, Md. Mahmudul Hasan

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Algal Membrane Photobioreactors (AMPBRs) have demonstrated potential in treating domestic wastewater (WW) and greywater (GW). However, direct performance comparisons between these two types of water have not been thoroughly investigated. This study aims to evaluate and compare the energy efficiency and treatment performances of AMPBR systems in treating domestic WW and GW. Two laboratory-scale AMPBR reactors were operated continuously for 50 days, treating synthetic WW and GW. The reactors maintained a consistent hydraulic residence time (HRT) of 7 days and a flux rate of 100 L/m²/d, operating under a 12-h light/dark cycle without external aeration. The AMPBR treating wastewater (AMPBR-WW) achieved 95.8% COD removal and 96% BOD removal, while the AMPBR treating greywater (AMPBR-GW) achieved 90.9% COD removal and 90.2% BOD removal, respectively. The effluent BOD of AMPBR-WW exceeded reuse standards towards the end, whereas AMPBR-GW consistently remained below the desired wastewater reuse standards. The AMPBR-WW system achieved a total nitrogen (TN) removal rate of 60% and a total phosphorus (TP) removal rate of 41.7%. The GW-AMPBR system exhibited higher removal efficiencies with 82% TN and around 62% TP removals. Algal biomass production was significantly greater in AMPBR-GW, with an average concentration of 36.6 mg/L/d, compared to 16.6 mg/L/d in AMPBR-WW, suggesting a more significant potential for biomass production in GW treatment than in WW treatment. AMPBR-WW experienced consistent (nine times over 50 days) and frequent (1.28 times per week) fouling, whereas AMPBR-GW showed a gradual transmembrane pressure (TMP) increase, fouling only once at the end, with a fouling frequency of 0.14 times per week. The estimated net energy ratio (NER) was higher for AMPBR-GW (NER = 0.78) compared to AMPBR-WW (NER = 0.32). Overall, AMPBR-GW outperformed AMPBR-WW regarding energy efficiency, fouling frequency, and biomass production.

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海藻膜光生物反应器处理小群落污水与灰水的比较评价

藻类膜光生物反应器（ambrs）在处理生活污水（WW）和灰水（GW）方面具有广阔的应用前景。然而，这两种水之间的直接性能比较尚未得到彻底的研究。本研究旨在评价和比较AMPBR系统处理生活污水和GW的能效和处理性能。两个实验室规模的AMPBR反应器连续运行50天，处理合成WW和GW。反应器的水力停留时间（HRT）为7天，通量为100 L/m2/d，在无外部曝气的情况下，在12 h的明暗循环下运行。处理废水的AMPBR (AMPBR- ww) COD去除率为95.8%，BOD去除率为96%，处理灰水的AMPBR (AMPBR- gw) COD去除率为90.9%，BOD去除率为90.2%。AMPBR-WW的出水BOD最终均超过回用标准，而AMPBR-GW的出水BOD始终低于废水回用标准。ambr - ww体系的总氮（TN）去除率为60%，总磷（TP）去除率为41.7%。GW-AMPBR体系的TN去除率高达82%，TP去除率约为62%。AMPBR-GW处理的藻类生物量产量显著高于AMPBR-WW处理，平均浓度为36.6 mg/L/d，而AMPBR-WW处理的平均浓度为16.6 mg/L/d，表明GW处理的生物量生产潜力比WW处理更大。AMPBR-WW经历了一致的（50天内9次）和频繁的（每周1.28次）污染，而AMPBR-GW表现出逐渐增加的跨膜压力（TMP），最终只污染一次，污染频率为每周0.14次。AMPBR-GW的估计净能量比（NER）（NER = 0.78）高于AMPBR-WW （NER = 0.32）。总体而言，AMPBR-GW在能效、结垢频率和生物质产量方面优于AMPBR-WW。

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来源期刊

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

6.90%

发文量

448

审稿时长

2.6 months

期刊介绍： Water, Air, & Soil Pollution is an international, interdisciplinary journal on all aspects of pollution and solutions to pollution in the biosphere. This includes chemical, physical and biological processes affecting flora, fauna, water, air and soil in relation to environmental pollution. Because of its scope, the subject areas are diverse and include all aspects of pollution sources, transport, deposition, accumulation, acid precipitation, atmospheric pollution, metals, aquatic pollution including marine pollution and ground water, waste water, pesticides, soil pollution, sewage, sediment pollution, forestry pollution, effects of pollutants on humans, vegetation, fish, aquatic species, micro-organisms, and animals, environmental and molecular toxicology applied to pollution research, biosensors, global and climate change, ecological implications of pollution and pollution models. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution also publishes manuscripts on novel methods used in the study of environmental pollutants, environmental toxicology, environmental biology, novel environmental engineering related to pollution, biodiversity as influenced by pollution, novel environmental biotechnology as applied to pollution (e.g. bioremediation), environmental modelling and biorestoration of polluted environments. Articles should not be submitted that are of local interest only and do not advance international knowledge in environmental pollution and solutions to pollution. Articles that simply replicate known knowledge or techniques while researching a local pollution problem will normally be rejected without review. Submitted articles must have up-to-date references, employ the correct experimental replication and statistical analysis, where needed and contain a significant contribution to new knowledge. The publishing and editorial team sincerely appreciate your cooperation. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution publishes research papers; review articles; mini-reviews; and book reviews.