Shouyan Zhang, Huiqing Zhao, Sihao Qian, Yuzhe Zhai, Shuhua Zhang, Zhi Geng and Bo Zhu
{"title":"Cell-selective zwitterionic parylene with intrinsic antifouling, softness, and conformability†","authors":"Shouyan Zhang, Huiqing Zhao, Sihao Qian, Yuzhe Zhai, Shuhua Zhang, Zhi Geng and Bo Zhu","doi":"10.1039/D4LF00289J","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p >Parylene is one of the most widely used polymers to fabricate flexible bioelectronic devices due to its flexibility, excellent barrier property, and photolithography-compatible fabrication. However, the extensively presented biofouling and the lack of biofunctionalities on the parylene surface prevent the bioelectronic device from constructing intimate coupling with cells/tissues. We herewith fabricated an intrinsically antifouling and soft parylene thin film featuring specific biointeraction, which consists of a bottom layer of pristine parylene and a top layer of 2-bromoisobutyrate functionalized parylene with ligand conjugated zwitterionic polymers. This layer-by-layer structure helps ensure the encapsulation property while allowing for tuning surface function for biomedical applications. This biomimetic parylene thin film presents an excellent barrier property (<10 pA leakage current after 12 weeks of soaking in 37 °C PBS buffer), a three-orders-of-magnitude reduced surface modulus (∼45 kPa), and exceptional mechanical compliance and conformability, all of which are crucial for constructing stable coupling with cells/tissues. Remarkably, the biomimetic parylene demonstrated a highly selective interaction toward PC12/HL-1 cells in the presence of a much higher density of white blood cells, thanks to the construction of specific cell interaction on a biofouling-resistant background. We envision that this biomimetic parylene material would offer bioelectronic devices a controllable interaction with biological systems, allowing seamless integration with cells/tissues and promoting the practical use of bioelectronic devices in real-life situations.</p>","PeriodicalId":101138,"journal":{"name":"RSC Applied Interfaces","volume":" 2","pages":" 496-507"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/lf/d4lf00289j?page=search","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"RSC Applied Interfaces","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2025/lf/d4lf00289j","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Parylene is one of the most widely used polymers to fabricate flexible bioelectronic devices due to its flexibility, excellent barrier property, and photolithography-compatible fabrication. However, the extensively presented biofouling and the lack of biofunctionalities on the parylene surface prevent the bioelectronic device from constructing intimate coupling with cells/tissues. We herewith fabricated an intrinsically antifouling and soft parylene thin film featuring specific biointeraction, which consists of a bottom layer of pristine parylene and a top layer of 2-bromoisobutyrate functionalized parylene with ligand conjugated zwitterionic polymers. This layer-by-layer structure helps ensure the encapsulation property while allowing for tuning surface function for biomedical applications. This biomimetic parylene thin film presents an excellent barrier property (<10 pA leakage current after 12 weeks of soaking in 37 °C PBS buffer), a three-orders-of-magnitude reduced surface modulus (∼45 kPa), and exceptional mechanical compliance and conformability, all of which are crucial for constructing stable coupling with cells/tissues. Remarkably, the biomimetic parylene demonstrated a highly selective interaction toward PC12/HL-1 cells in the presence of a much higher density of white blood cells, thanks to the construction of specific cell interaction on a biofouling-resistant background. We envision that this biomimetic parylene material would offer bioelectronic devices a controllable interaction with biological systems, allowing seamless integration with cells/tissues and promoting the practical use of bioelectronic devices in real-life situations.