Spatial and temporal prevalence, abundance and infestation intensity of the ixodid tick population on small domestic ruminants (goat and sheep) in different agro-climatic regions of Tamil Nadu

IF 1.4 Q3 PARASITOLOGY

Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports Pub Date : 2025-03-07 DOI:10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101235

Ayyanar Elango , Ananganallur Nagarajan Shriram , Hari Kishan Raju , Soundaramourthy Padmaja , Ashwani Kumar

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Abstract

Tick borne diseases are emerging in various agro-climatic regions, affecting both humans and domestic animals such as small ruminants (goats and sheep). The distribution and abundance of tick vectors across agro-climatic regions are influenced by seasonal variations. A comprehensive tick survey was carried out on small ruminants in 220 villages across seven agro-climatic regions during the four seasons of Tamil Nadu. A total of 51,694 ticks were collected, with 36,522 (70.6 %) from goats and 15,712 (30.4 %) from sheep, representing 16 species from four genera. Haemaphysalis intermedia was the most prevalent tick species (89.7 %), while Rhipicephalus microplus was the most abundant (7.8) ticks in small domestic ruminants. Tick species diversity was higher in goats (14 species) compared to sheep (13 species). The highest species diversity in goats was recorded in the hilly agro-climatic regions (10 species) and during the summer season (11 species), while the highest species diversity in sheep was observed in the southern agro-climatic region (10 species) and during the winter season (12 species). H.intermedia was the most prevalent species in both goats (89.4 %) and sheep (97.0 %). The highest abundance was reported Rh.microplus in goats (8.14) and H.intermedia in sheep (7.4). Infestation intensity for H.intermedia was observed highest in both goats (5.6) and sheep (6.0), with an infestation rate of 42.5 % in both species. This study provides the first comprehensive report on tick species diversity in small ruminants in Tamil Nadu, revealing the highest species diversity and documenting several species not previously reported in this region.

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泰米尔纳德邦不同农业气候区小反刍动物（山羊和绵羊）身上蜱虫种群的时空流行度、丰度和侵害强度

蜱传疾病正在各个农业气候区域出现，影响人类和家畜，如小反刍动物（山羊和绵羊）。蜱病媒介在农业气候区的分布和丰度受季节变化的影响。在泰米尔纳德邦的四个季节，对七个农业气候区的220个村庄的小反刍动物进行了全面的蜱虫调查。共采集蜱类51694只，其中山羊36522只（70.6%），绵羊15712只（30.4%），隶属4属16种。家小反刍动物中以中血蜱（89.7%）最多，微头蜱（7.8）最多。山羊（14种）的蜱类多样性高于绵羊（13种）。山羊的物种多样性在丘陵农业气候区最高（10种），夏季最高（11种），绵羊的物种多样性在南部农业气候区最高（10种），冬季最高（12种）。在山羊（89.4%）和绵羊（97.0%）中最常见的是中间小孢子虫。其中Rh的丰度最高。山羊微加菌（8.14）和绵羊中芽孢杆菌（7.4）。山羊（5.6）和绵羊（6.0）的侵染强度最高，侵染率均为42.5%。本研究首次全面报道了泰米尔纳德邦小型反刍动物蜱类多样性，揭示了该地区最高的物种多样性，并记录了该地区以前未报道的几种物种。

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来源期刊

Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports Multiple-

CiteScore

2.90

自引率

7.10%

发文量

126

审稿时长

97 days

期刊介绍： Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports focuses on aspects of veterinary parasitology that are of regional concern, which is especially important in this era of climate change and the rapid and often unconstrained travel of people and animals. Relative to regions, this journal will accept papers of the highest quality dealing with all aspects of disease prevention, pathology, treatment, epidemiology, and control of parasites within the field of veterinary medicine. Also, case reports will be considered as they add to information related to local disease and its control; such papers must be concise and represent appropriate medical intervention. Papers on veterinary parasitology from wildlife species are acceptable, but only if they relate to the practice of veterinary medicine. Studies on vector-borne bacterial and viral agents are suitable, but only if the paper deals with vector transmission of these organisms to domesticated animals. Studies dealing with parasite control by means of natural products, both in vivo and in vitro, are more suited for one of the many journals that now specialize in papers of this type. However, due to the regional nature of much of this research, submissions may be considered based upon a case being made by the author(s) to the Editor. Circumstances relating to animal experimentation must meet the International Guiding Principles for Biomedical Research Involving Animals as issued by the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (obtainable from: Executive Secretary C.I.O.M.S., c/o W.H.O., Via Appia, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland).