Chitosan from sea urchin (Diadema setosum) spines for orthodontic miniscrews: Antibacterial effects against key oral pathogens

Q1 Medicine

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI:10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.02.014

Karima Qurnia Mansjur , Eka Erwansyah , Ardiansyah S Pawinru , Mansjur Nasir , Arni Irawaty Djais , Virgino Calvine Sumule , Nurnabilla Syfadewi Attaya , Dian Yosi Arinawaty , Islamy Rahma Hutami , Andi Dian Permana

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective

Peri-implantitis, exacerbated microbial growth characterized by progressive bone loss and soft-tissue inflammation, significantly contributes to miniscrew failure during orthodontic treatment. Using a natural antibacterial coating presents an innovative approach to combat bacterial colonization. Sea urchin (Diadema setosum) spines containing chitosan (CS) exhibit notable antibacterial properties and biocompatibility effects. This study investigates the antimicrobial potential of CS from sea urchin spines applied onto the surfaces of orthodontic miniscrews, aiming to mitigate the impact of peri-implantitis.

Materials and methods

The surface functional groups, phase composition, and crystal structure of CS were investigated using traditional examination methods alongside energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. The antibacterial activity of CS was evaluated against three bacteria by the disk diffusion method, minimum bacterial concentration (MBC), and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Stainless steel miniscrews were coated with CS, and the surface was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Results and discussion

Sea urchin-derived chitosan demonstrated significant antibacterial effects against key oral pathogens associated with peri-implantitis, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 16 ppm against Fusobacterium nucleatum and 32 ppm for both Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis. The minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) were 4 ppm for A. actinomycetemcomitans and 16 ppm for both F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis, indicating its strong bactericidal potential. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that sea urchin chitosan effectively adhered to the surface of orthodontic miniscrews, showcasing its potential as a functional antimicrobial coating. These results emphasize the capability of sea urchin chitosan to target key oral pathogens, offering a promising approach to enhance microbial resistance and improve outcomes in orthodontic treatments.

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来源期刊

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research Medicine-Otorhinolaryngology

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

0.00%

发文量

133

审稿时长

167 days

期刊介绍： Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research (JOBCR)is the official journal of the Craniofacial Research Foundation (CRF). The journal aims to provide a common platform for both clinical and translational research and to promote interdisciplinary sciences in craniofacial region. JOBCR publishes content that includes diseases, injuries and defects in the head, neck, face, jaws and the hard and soft tissues of the mouth and jaws and face region; diagnosis and medical management of diseases specific to the orofacial tissues and of oral manifestations of systemic diseases; studies on identifying populations at risk of oral disease or in need of specific care, and comparing regional, environmental, social, and access similarities and differences in dental care between populations; diseases of the mouth and related structures like salivary glands, temporomandibular joints, facial muscles and perioral skin; biomedical engineering, tissue engineering and stem cells. The journal publishes reviews, commentaries, peer-reviewed original research articles, short communication, and case reports.