In vitro effect of photodynamic therapy with two photosensitizers on Streptococcus mutans load around metal and ceramic brackets bonded to enamel

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy Pub Date : 2025-03-07 DOI:10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104547

Narjes Karamad , Fatemeh Fazel , Shima Afrasiabi , Nasim chiniforush , Mohammad Ali Keshvad

{"title":"In vitro effect of photodynamic therapy with two photosensitizers on Streptococcus mutans load around metal and ceramic brackets bonded to enamel","authors":"Narjes Karamad , Fatemeh Fazel , Shima Afrasiabi , Nasim chiniforush , Mohammad Ali Keshvad","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104547","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><div>The inherent surface porosities of ceramic brackets can enhance bacterial plaque accumulation. This study assessed the in-vitro effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with two photosensitizers (PSs) on <em>Streptococcus mutans</em> (<em>S. mutans</em>) load around metal and ceramic brackets bonded to enamel.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>In this in vitro experimental study, 48 sound premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons were randomly assigned to two groups (<em>n</em> = 24) for bonding to metal and ceramic brackets. After bracket bonding, the tooth-bracket assemblies were inoculated with <em>S. mutans</em>, and each group was randomly divided into three subgroups (<em>n</em> = 8) of control, PDT with toluidine blue O (TBO) and 635 nm laser, and PDT with indocyanine green (ICG) and 808 nm laser. The colony count was quantified in each subgroup, and analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Ceramic brackets showed a significantly higher colony count than metal brackets in the control subgroup by 7.057 log10 CFUs/mL (<em>P</em> < 0.05). PDT, irrespective of PS type, significantly decreased the bacterial count around both ceramic (by 7.616 log10 CFUs/mL in the ICG and 7.594 log10 CFUs/mL in the TBO subgroup) and metal (by 7.512 log10 CFUs/mL in the ICG and 7.505 log10 CFUs/mL in the TBO subgroup) brackets (<em>P</em> < 0.05). The difference in bacterial count was not significant between the ceramic and metal bracket groups after PDT (<em>P</em> = 0.541 for ICG and <em>P</em> = 0.101 for TBO).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Within the limitations of this in vitro study and as an attempt to predict what might happen in vivo, the results showed that PDT significantly decreased the bacterial load around metal and ceramic brackets bonded to enamel, irrespective of the type of PS. Thus, PDT may be considered as a possibly efficient strategy to minimize the bacterial load especially around ceramic brackets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 104547"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1572100025000766","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ONCOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background and objectives

The inherent surface porosities of ceramic brackets can enhance bacterial plaque accumulation. This study assessed the in-vitro effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with two photosensitizers (PSs) on Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) load around metal and ceramic brackets bonded to enamel.

Materials and methods

In this in vitro experimental study, 48 sound premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons were randomly assigned to two groups (n = 24) for bonding to metal and ceramic brackets. After bracket bonding, the tooth-bracket assemblies were inoculated with S. mutans, and each group was randomly divided into three subgroups (n = 8) of control, PDT with toluidine blue O (TBO) and 635 nm laser, and PDT with indocyanine green (ICG) and 808 nm laser. The colony count was quantified in each subgroup, and analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA.

Results

Ceramic brackets showed a significantly higher colony count than metal brackets in the control subgroup by 7.057 log10 CFUs/mL (P < 0.05). PDT, irrespective of PS type, significantly decreased the bacterial count around both ceramic (by 7.616 log10 CFUs/mL in the ICG and 7.594 log10 CFUs/mL in the TBO subgroup) and metal (by 7.512 log10 CFUs/mL in the ICG and 7.505 log10 CFUs/mL in the TBO subgroup) brackets (P < 0.05). The difference in bacterial count was not significant between the ceramic and metal bracket groups after PDT (P = 0.541 for ICG and P = 0.101 for TBO).

Conclusion

Within the limitations of this in vitro study and as an attempt to predict what might happen in vivo, the results showed that PDT significantly decreased the bacterial load around metal and ceramic brackets bonded to enamel, irrespective of the type of PS. Thus, PDT may be considered as a possibly efficient strategy to minimize the bacterial load especially around ceramic brackets.

查看原文本刊更多论文

两种光敏剂光动力治疗对金属和陶瓷牙釉质支架周围变形链球菌负荷的体外影响。

背景与目的：陶瓷托槽固有的表面多孔性会促进细菌菌斑的积累。本研究评估了两种光敏剂（ps）的光动力疗法（PDT）对与牙釉质结合的金属和陶瓷支架周围的变形链球菌（S. mutans）负荷的体外影响。材料与方法：将48颗因正畸原因拔出的正常前磨牙随机分为两组（n=24），分别与金属托槽和陶瓷托槽粘接。托架粘接后，对牙-托架组件接种变形链球菌，每组随机分为对照、甲苯胺蓝O （TBO）和635 nm激光PDT组和吲哚菁绿（ICG）和808 nm激光PDT组3个亚组（n=8）。对每个亚组的菌落计数进行量化，并采用重复测量方差分析。结果：陶瓷托槽的菌落计数明显高于对照组金属托槽7.057 log10 CFUs/mL （p < 0.05）。在体外研究的限制范围内，并试图预测体内可能发生的情况，结果表明，PDT显著降低了与牙釉质结合的金属和陶瓷支架周围的细菌负荷，而与PS类型无关。因此，PDT可能被认为是最小化细菌负荷的有效策略，特别是陶瓷支架周围。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy ONCOLOGY-

CiteScore

5.80

自引率

24.20%

发文量

509

审稿时长

50 days

期刊介绍： Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy is an international journal for the dissemination of scientific knowledge and clinical developments of Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy in all medical specialties. The journal publishes original articles, review articles, case presentations, "how-to-do-it" articles, Letters to the Editor, short communications and relevant images with short descriptions. All submitted material is subject to a strict peer-review process.