Neurobehavioral Profiles in Opioid-Exposed and Unexposed Neonates

IF 3.9 2区医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS

Journal of Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-03-07 DOI:10.1016/j.jpeds.2025.114527

Stephanie L. Merhar MD, MS , Kimberly Yolton PhD , Sara B. DeMauro MD, MSCE , Traci Beiersdorfer RN, BSN , Jamie E. Newman PhD , Scott A. Lorch MD, MSCE , Deanne Wilson-Costello MD , Namasivayam Ambalavanan MD , Ananta Bangdiwala MS , Myriam Peralta-Carcelen MD , Brenda B. Poindexter MD , Jonathan M. Davis MD , Catherine Limperopoulos PhD , Carla M. Bann PhD

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective

To describe distinctive profiles of neurobehavior in opioid-exposed and unexposed neonates.

Study design

The Outcomes of Babies with Opioid Exposure study is a multisite, prospective, observational study in neonates born at term with opioid exposure and unexposed controls. As part of the Outcomes of Babies with Opioid Exposure study protocol, certified examiners administered the NeoNatal Neurobehavioral Scales, second edition (NNNS-II) before 6 weeks postnatal age. We used latent profile analysis to determine distinctive classes of neurobehavior and linear mixed effect models to compare NNNS-II scores by exposure status.

Results

The study included 291 neonates with NNNS-II, 194 exposed and 97 unexposed. Latent profile analysis resulted in 4 unique classes. Class 4 showed the most signs of stress and included almost exclusively exposed neonates. Scores for exposed neonates were significantly different than unexposed neonates on most NNNS-II subscales. In addition to opioids, associations were found between profile membership and prenatal exposure to benzodiazepines, e-cigarettes/tobacco, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.

Conclusions

Neonates with prenatal exposure to opioids and other psychotropic substances have distinctive patterns of neurobehavior. Additional follow-up is needed to determine if these neurobehavioral differences serve as a marker for future problems with attention and behavior.

Clinical Trials.gov Registration

NCT04149509.

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来源期刊

Journal of Pediatrics 医学-小儿科

CiteScore

6.00

自引率

2.00%

发文量

696

审稿时长

31 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Pediatrics is an international peer-reviewed journal that advances pediatric research and serves as a practical guide for pediatricians who manage health and diagnose and treat disorders in infants, children, and adolescents. The Journal publishes original work based on standards of excellence and expert review. The Journal seeks to publish high quality original articles that are immediately applicable to practice (basic science, translational research, evidence-based medicine), brief clinical and laboratory case reports, medical progress, expert commentary, grand rounds, insightful editorials, “classic” physical examinations, and novel insights into clinical and academic pediatric medicine related to every aspect of child health. Published monthly since 1932, The Journal of Pediatrics continues to promote the latest developments in pediatric medicine, child health, policy, and advocacy. Topics covered in The Journal of Pediatrics include, but are not limited to: General Pediatrics Pediatric Subspecialties Adolescent Medicine Allergy and Immunology Cardiology Critical Care Medicine Developmental-Behavioral Medicine Endocrinology Gastroenterology Hematology-Oncology Infectious Diseases Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Emergency Medicine Pulmonology Rheumatology Genetics Ethics Health Service Research Pediatric Hospitalist Medicine.