Molecular Characterization of Aminoglycoside-modifying Enzymes (AMEs)in Aminoglycoside-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: A Cross-sectional Study in Northeastern Iran.

Q3 Medicine

Iranian Journal of Pathology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-10 DOI:10.30699/ijp.2024.2038509.3342

Malihe Naderi, Neda Yousefi Nojookambari, Somayeh Talebi, Mohammad Reza Mohammadi, Sajjad Yazdansetad

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Abstract

Background & objective: The resistance genes encoding aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (AMEs) are now widely prevalent in different populations of Staphylococcus aureus. The study aimed to determine the frequency of AMEs-encoding genes in clinical isolates of S. aureus.

Methods: A total of 105 S. aureus isolates were obtained from the different clinical samples; and then were identified by conventional biochemical tests. The antibiotic resistance patterns of the isolates were characterized by the agar disk diffusion method. The distribution of the AMEs and femA genes was determined by conventional and multiplex PCR.

Results: The aminoglycoside resistance rates of kanamycin, tobramycin, gentamicin, amikacin, and netilmicin were 47.6%, 46.6%, 45.7%, 45.7%, and 26.6%, respectively. 16.1% and 1.9% of isolates were MDR and XDR phenotypes, respectively. 21.9% of S. aureus isolates harbored the femA gene and were determined as methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) clones. The aac(6')/aph(2'') was the most prevalent (47.8%) AME-encoding gene in aminoglycoside-resistant S. aureus, followed by ant(4')-Ia (30.4%) and aph(3')-IIIa (21.7%).

Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that the coexistence of several AMEs and the spread of the resistance determinants like femA in S. aureus clinical isolates are alarming and may contribute to the broadening of aminoglycoside resistance spectra and limit treatment options for staphylococcal infections.

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耐氨基糖苷金黄色葡萄球菌氨基糖苷修饰酶（AMEs）的分子特征：伊朗东北部的一项横断面研究

背景与目的：编码氨基糖苷修饰酶（AMEs）的耐药基因目前在不同的金黄色葡萄球菌群体中广泛存在。该研究旨在确定临床分离的金黄色葡萄球菌中ames编码基因的频率。方法：从不同临床标本中分离出105株金黄色葡萄球菌；然后通过常规生化试验进行鉴定。采用琼脂盘扩散法对菌株的耐药模式进行了鉴定。采用常规PCR和多重PCR检测AMEs和femA基因的分布。结果：卡那霉素、妥布霉素、庆大霉素、阿米卡星、奈替米星对氨基糖苷类药物的耐药率分别为47.6%、46.6%、45.7%、45.7%、26.6%。MDR和XDR表型分别占16.1%和1.9%。21.9%的金黄色葡萄球菌分离株携带femA基因，经鉴定为耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）克隆。在氨基糖苷耐药金黄色葡萄球菌中，aac（6’）/aph（2’）编码基因最多（47.8%），其次是ant（4’）-Ia（30.4%）和aph（3’）-IIIa（21.7%）。结论：我们的研究表明，几种AMEs的共存和耐药决定因素如femA在金黄色葡萄球菌临床分离株中的传播令人担忧，这可能有助于拓宽氨基糖苷类耐药谱，限制葡萄球菌感染的治疗选择。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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