New pharmacological agents and novel cardiovascular pharmacotherapy strategies in 2024.

Abstract

Despite substantial advances in cardiovascular pharmacotherapy and devices in recent years, prevention and treatment of many cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain limited, thus reflecting the need for more effective and safer pharmacological strategies. In this review, we summarize the most relevant studies in cardiovascular pharmacotherapy in 2024, including the approval of first-in-class drugs for the treatment of resistant hypertension and pulmonary arterial hypertension, label expansions for bempedoic acid and semaglutide, and the results of major randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that have met the pre-specified primary endpoints, thereby filling some gaps in knowledge and opening new perspectives in the management of CVD, and those RCTs whose results did not confirm the proposed research hypotheses. We also include a section on drug safety, where we describe the newest data on adverse reactions and drug-drug interactions that may complicate treatment and/or reduce drug adherence with the consequent decrease in drug effectiveness. Finally, we present the most important ongoing phase 2 and phase 3 clinical trials assessing the efficacy and safety of cardiovascular drugs for the prevention and treatment of CVD.