Trends in the Incidence of Retinal Artery and Vein Occlusion Before and After COVID-19: A National Study in South Korea (2017-2022)

IF 4.1 1区医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY

American Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2025-03-08 DOI:10.1016/j.ajo.2025.03.005

JIN CHO , NANG KYEONG LEE , JIN YEONG KIM , CHRISTOPHER SEUNGKYU LEE , SUK HO BYEON , SUNG SOO KIM , SEUNG WON LEE , YONG JOON KIM

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose

This study investigated the incidence of new retinal artery occlusion (RAO) and retinal vein occlusion (RVO) during the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic compared to pre-outbreak periods in South Korea.

Design

Nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study.

Participants

Individuals diagnosed with RAO or RVO.

Methods

We evaluated data from 326 154 patients diagnosed with RAO (n = 32 028), RVO (n = 304 405), or both (n = 10 279) from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2022. We calculated the incidence rate ratios (IRR) of RAO and RVO using 2019 as the reference year, making comparisons across the total population and within age and sex subgroups. We examined correlations between the number of new RVO patients and COVID-19 infected or vaccinated persons. Additionally, we compared the systemic characteristics of individuals with RAO and RVO, adjusting for multiple comparisons with Bonferroni correction.

Main Outcome Measures

Annual IRRs of RAO and RVO.

Results

The IRR for RAO showed no significant increase across all age and sex subgroups. Contrastingly, RVO exhibited a consistent IRR in 2020; however, significant increases were observed in 2021 and 2022 among those aged 20-39 years (adjusted IRR in 2021, 1.22, 95% CI, 1.15-1.29; adjusted IRR in 2022, 1.12, 95% CI, 1.06-1.18) as well as those aged 40-64 years (adjusted IRR in 2021, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.09-1.13; adjusted IRR in 2022, 1.11, 95% CI, 1.08-1.12). No correlations were found between the monthly number of patients with RVO and the number of individuals infected with or vaccinated against COVID-19. Additionally, a higher proportion of patients with RVO having hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and chronic liver disease were seen in 2021 and 2022, as analyzed by ANOVA with Bonferroni correction.

Conclusions

The incidence of RAO did not increase during the COVID-19 outbreak. However, the incidence of RVO increased during the pandemic, especially in 2021 and 2022, with the highest rates observed in the 40-64 years age group, likely linked to increases in metabolic diseases rather than COVID-19 infection and vaccination. Further research is warranted to confirm these findings.

查看原文本刊更多论文

2019冠状病毒病前后视网膜动脉和静脉闭塞发生率的趋势：一项韩国国家研究（2017-2022）

目的：本研究调查了韩国冠状病毒病-19 （COVID-19）大流行期间新发视网膜动脉闭塞（RAO）和视网膜静脉闭塞（RVO）的发生率，并与疫情爆发前进行了比较。方法：我们评估了2017年1月1日至2022年12月31日期间诊断为RAO或RVO的326154例患者（n = 32,028）、RVO （n = 304,405）或两者（n = 10,279）的数据。我们以2019年为参考年计算了RAO和RVO的发病率比（IRR），并在总人口中以及年龄和性别亚组内进行了比较。我们检查了新发RVO患者数量与COVID-19感染者或接种者之间的相关性。此外，我们比较了RAO和RVO患者的系统特征，并通过Bonferroni校正对多重比较进行了调整。主要结局指标：RAO和RVO的年度IRR结果：RAO的IRR在所有年龄和性别亚组中均无显著增加。相比之下，RVO在2020年表现出一致的IRR；然而，在2021年和2022年，20-39岁的人群中观察到显著增加(2021年调整IRR， 1.22, 95% CI, 1.15-1.29；P < 0.001；2022年调整IRR为1.12,95% CI为1.06-1.18；P < 0.001)， 40 ~ 64岁(2021年调整IRR为1.11；95% ci, 1.09-1.13；P < 0.001；2022年调整IRR为1.11,95% CI为1.08-1.12；P < 0.001)。每月RVO患者人数与感染或接种COVID-19疫苗的人数之间未发现相关性。此外，在2021年和2022年，RVO患者合并高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常和慢性肝病的比例更高（Bonferroni校正，P < 0.01）。结论：在COVID-19暴发期间，RAO的发生率未增加。然而，在大流行期间，特别是在2021年和2022年，RVO的发病率有所增加，40-64岁年龄组的发病率最高，这可能与代谢性疾病的增加有关，而不是与COVID-19感染和疫苗接种有关。需要进一步的研究来证实这些发现。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

American Journal of Ophthalmology 医学-眼科学

CiteScore

9.20

自引率

7.10%

发文量

406

审稿时长

36 days

期刊介绍： The American Journal of Ophthalmology is a peer-reviewed, scientific publication that welcomes the submission of original, previously unpublished manuscripts directed to ophthalmologists and visual science specialists describing clinical investigations, clinical observations, and clinically relevant laboratory investigations. Published monthly since 1884, the full text of the American Journal of Ophthalmology and supplementary material are also presented online at www.AJO.com and on ScienceDirect. The American Journal of Ophthalmology publishes Full-Length Articles, Perspectives, Editorials, Correspondences, Books Reports and Announcements. Brief Reports and Case Reports are no longer published. We recommend submitting Brief Reports and Case Reports to our companion publication, the American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports. Manuscripts are accepted with the understanding that they have not been and will not be published elsewhere substantially in any format, and that there are no ethical problems with the content or data collection. Authors may be requested to produce the data upon which the manuscript is based and to answer expeditiously any questions about the manuscript or its authors.