Investigation of 3D elemental distribution on the dome surface of HL-2A divertor by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

IF 2 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 OPTICS

Applied Physics B Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI:10.1007/s00340-025-08435-w

X. R. Huangfu, D. Zhao, D. Wu, J. Liu, Y. He, X. Shi, J. Han, L. Gao, L. Cai, J. Wang, J. Gao, C. Ke, H. Ding

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Abstract

In this work, three-dimensional (3D) diagnostics of the graphite tile surface elements in the dome region of the HL-2A divertor in both poloidal and toroidal directions were investigated using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technology under simulated HL-2A vacuum conditions. LIBS spectroscopic analysis revealed the presence of impurity elements such as Si, Cu, Ca, Al, Fe, Cr, Ni, and Mn on the graphite tile surface. Depth profile results of the impurity deposited layer on the shoulder part of graphite tile showed that Fe, Cr, Ni, and Mn emission intensities gradually decreased and disappeared with depth. The Si, Cu, Ca, and Al initially increased, then decreased, and eventually disappeared in the depth profile. Two-dimensional (2D) depth profile results of impurity elements in the poloidal direction showed significant asymmetry in impurity deposition within 70 mm of the shoulder and 20 mm from the top, and the impurity layer thickness on the shoulder greater than that on the top (approximately 5.7 μm vs. 3.1 μm). Further 3D imaging of the surface elements of the HL-2A divertor demonstrated strong asymmetry of impurity elements on the graphite tile surface in the poloidal direction, but no significant asymmetry was observed in the toroidal direction within 50 mm.

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来源期刊

Applied Physics B 物理-光学

CiteScore

4.00

自引率

4.80%

发文量

202

审稿时长

3.0 months

期刊介绍： Features publication of experimental and theoretical investigations in applied physics Offers invited reviews in addition to regular papers Coverage includes laser physics, linear and nonlinear optics, ultrafast phenomena, photonic devices, optical and laser materials, quantum optics, laser spectroscopy of atoms, molecules and clusters, and more 94% of authors who answered a survey reported that they would definitely publish or probably publish in the journal again Publishing essential research results in two of the most important areas of applied physics, both Applied Physics sections figure among the top most cited journals in this field. In addition to regular papers Applied Physics B: Lasers and Optics features invited reviews. Fields of topical interest are covered by feature issues. The journal also includes a rapid communication section for the speedy publication of important and particularly interesting results.