Enhancing the liquid oxygen compatibility of epoxy resin by introducing a novel phosphorus / sulfur-containing flame retardant

IF 6.3 2区化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE

Polymer Degradation and Stability Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2025.111296

Rui Yin , Yuhang Liu , Yi Luo , Jia Yan , Jialiang Li , Duo Chen , Tao Sun , Shichao Li , Zhanjun Wu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The compatibility between epoxy resin with liquid oxygen (LOX) plays the critical role in the application of resin-based composite to LOX tanks of launch vehicles. A novel phosphorus/sulfur-containing flame retardant (DPAMT) was synthesized via a facile one-pot method with DOPO, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 2-Amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole and used to enhance the LOX compatibility of epoxy resin. The chemical structure of DPAMT was confirmed by FTIR spectra, ¹H NMR and ³¹P NMR spectra. The impact reaction sensitivity (IRS) index of modified epoxy resin decreased with increasing DPAMT content and reached zero (means being compatible with LOX) when the DPAMT content was up to 6 wt.%. TGA, LOI values, UL-94 test, Cone calorimeter test (CCT), XPS of residues after LOX impact and pyrolysis behavior of DPAMT were investigated to explore the mechanism of DPAMT affecting the LOX compatibility of epoxy resin. The results showed that DPAMT endowed epoxy resin with enhanced thermal stability and excellent flame retardancy. When the modified epoxy resin suffered impacts, the S·, PO· and PO₂· radicals as well as SO₂ exserting quenching effect by reacting with the active H·, OH· and O· radicals were released. Meanwhile, the P-containing acids and S-containing acids generated promoted the dehydration and carbonization of the epoxy resin to form protective charring layer. It was considered that the synthesized DPAMT was an effective addictive of epoxy resin to enhance the compatibility with LOX.

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来源期刊

Polymer Degradation and Stability 化学-高分子科学

CiteScore

10.10

自引率

10.20%

发文量

325

审稿时长

23 days

期刊介绍： Polymer Degradation and Stability deals with the degradation reactions and their control which are a major preoccupation of practitioners of the many and diverse aspects of modern polymer technology. Deteriorative reactions occur during processing, when polymers are subjected to heat, oxygen and mechanical stress, and during the useful life of the materials when oxygen and sunlight are the most important degradative agencies. In more specialised applications, degradation may be induced by high energy radiation, ozone, atmospheric pollutants, mechanical stress, biological action, hydrolysis and many other influences. The mechanisms of these reactions and stabilisation processes must be understood if the technology and application of polymers are to continue to advance. The reporting of investigations of this kind is therefore a major function of this journal. However there are also new developments in polymer technology in which degradation processes find positive applications. For example, photodegradable plastics are now available, the recycling of polymeric products will become increasingly important, degradation and combustion studies are involved in the definition of the fire hazards which are associated with polymeric materials and the microelectronics industry is vitally dependent upon polymer degradation in the manufacture of its circuitry. Polymer properties may also be improved by processes like curing and grafting, the chemistry of which can be closely related to that which causes physical deterioration in other circumstances.