Supercritical extraction of butter from agroindustrial cocoa residue from the Amazon

IF 3.4 3区工程技术 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Supercritical Fluids Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI:10.1016/j.supflu.2025.106560

Jean Maurício Leão Pinheiro , Ana Paula de Souza e Silva , Kelly Roberta Pinheiro Pantoja , Marcos Antônio Ribeiro Cardoso , Fernando de Freitas Maues de Azevedo , Leonardo Victor Gomes de Melo , Gabriela Izane de Almeida Campos , Rafael Vitti Mota , Rayssa de Sousa Mouzinho , Raul Nunes de Carvalho Junior

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Cocoa bean husk (CBH), an agro-industrial by-product of Amazonian cocoa, was valorized using supercritical CO₂ extraction, yielding 31.49 % cocoa butter. The defatted CBH powder showed high phenolic content (23.90 mg GAE/g) and strong antioxidant activity (77.71 μmol TE/g), highlighting its bioactive potential. Supercritical Fluid Chromatography (SFC) revealed that theobromine was mostly retained in the defatted fraction (10.95 mg/g), while the fatty acid profile of the cocoa butter indicated high levels of oleic (38.15 %) and stearic acids (24.65 %). The findings support supercritical CO₂ as a sustainable method to enhance the economic value of CBH, promoting its application in functional foods and industry.

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来源期刊

Journal of Supercritical Fluids 工程技术-工程：化工

CiteScore

7.60

自引率

10.30%

发文量

236

审稿时长

56 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Supercritical Fluids is an international journal devoted to the fundamental and applied aspects of supercritical fluids and processes. Its aim is to provide a focused platform for academic and industrial researchers to report their findings and to have ready access to the advances in this rapidly growing field. Its coverage is multidisciplinary and includes both basic and applied topics. Thermodynamics and phase equilibria, reaction kinetics and rate processes, thermal and transport properties, and all topics related to processing such as separations (extraction, fractionation, purification, chromatography) nucleation and impregnation are within the scope. Accounts of specific engineering applications such as those encountered in food, fuel, natural products, minerals, pharmaceuticals and polymer industries are included. Topics related to high pressure equipment design, analytical techniques, sensors, and process control methodologies are also within the scope of the journal.