Optimized tillage regimes in a rice-oilseed rape rotation system enhance system productivity by delaying post-flowering senescence

IF 5.6 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY
Chunyun Wang , Zongkai Wang , Hongxiang Lou , Xianling Wang , Xiaoqiang Tan , Dongli Shao , Mengzhen Liu , Jianqin Gao , Jiefu Zhang , Bo Wang , Jie Kuai , Jing Wang , Zhenghua Xu , Guangsheng Zhou , Jie Zhao
{"title":"Optimized tillage regimes in a rice-oilseed rape rotation system enhance system productivity by delaying post-flowering senescence","authors":"Chunyun Wang ,&nbsp;Zongkai Wang ,&nbsp;Hongxiang Lou ,&nbsp;Xianling Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaoqiang Tan ,&nbsp;Dongli Shao ,&nbsp;Mengzhen Liu ,&nbsp;Jianqin Gao ,&nbsp;Jiefu Zhang ,&nbsp;Bo Wang ,&nbsp;Jie Kuai ,&nbsp;Jing Wang ,&nbsp;Zhenghua Xu ,&nbsp;Guangsheng Zhou ,&nbsp;Jie Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.fcr.2025.109839","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Context</h3><div>In the Yangtze River Basin (YRB), soil compaction and inappropriate tillage practices hinder crop yield improvement in the rice-oilseed rape rotation system. Hence, exploring suitable tillage regimes and their impacts on crop yield formation is essential for agricultural development in this region.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to investigate the effects of an optimized tillage regime on post-flowering senescence and yield formation in the rice–oilseed rape rotation system, providing a theoretical foundation for the development of high-productivity tillage management systems in the YRB region.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A five-year field experiment was conducted, employing shallow tillage (ST) and moderate deep tillage (MT, 20–25 cm tillage depth) in the oilseed rape season, followed by no-tillage (NT) in the rice season. Key parameters evaluated included soil compaction, post-flowering physiological activity in roots and photosynthetic organs, pre-flowering dry matter translocation, and crop yield.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared with ST, MT significantly reduced soil compaction in the 15–35 cm soil layer during the oilseed rape season and in the 20–35 cm layer during the subsequent NT rice season. The reduced soil compaction under MT enhanced post-flowering root activity and root xylem sap in both crops, promoting nutrient uptake. MT increased antioxidant enzyme activity, nitrogen and total chlorophyll contents while reducing O<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and malondialdehyde levels in oilseed rape silique walls and rice flag leaves, indicating delayed post-flowering senescence. Pre-flowering dry matter translocation rate and its contribution to yield significantly increased under MT, resulting in oilseed rape and rice yield increases of 23.9 % and 18.3 %, respectively. Furthermore, increasing planting density from 25 × 10<sup>4</sup> hills ha<sup>−1</sup> to 37.5 × 10<sup>4</sup> hills ha<sup>−1</sup> resulted in a 6.2 % and 11.2 % increase in rice yield, respectively, under the ST/NT and MT/NT, indicating that the yield of NT rice can be enhanced by further improving planting density under MT in the oilseed rape season.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Implementing MT in the oilseed rape season, followed by NT in the rice season, enhances crop yield by delaying post-flowering senescence and promoting pre-flowering dry matter translocation to seeds. This optimized tillage regime holds great potential as a sustainable paddy-upland rotation production technology with broad application prospects in China and beyond.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12143,"journal":{"name":"Field Crops Research","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 109839"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Field Crops Research","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378429025001042","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"AGRONOMY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Context

In the Yangtze River Basin (YRB), soil compaction and inappropriate tillage practices hinder crop yield improvement in the rice-oilseed rape rotation system. Hence, exploring suitable tillage regimes and their impacts on crop yield formation is essential for agricultural development in this region.

Objective

This study aims to investigate the effects of an optimized tillage regime on post-flowering senescence and yield formation in the rice–oilseed rape rotation system, providing a theoretical foundation for the development of high-productivity tillage management systems in the YRB region.

Methods

A five-year field experiment was conducted, employing shallow tillage (ST) and moderate deep tillage (MT, 20–25 cm tillage depth) in the oilseed rape season, followed by no-tillage (NT) in the rice season. Key parameters evaluated included soil compaction, post-flowering physiological activity in roots and photosynthetic organs, pre-flowering dry matter translocation, and crop yield.

Results

Compared with ST, MT significantly reduced soil compaction in the 15–35 cm soil layer during the oilseed rape season and in the 20–35 cm layer during the subsequent NT rice season. The reduced soil compaction under MT enhanced post-flowering root activity and root xylem sap in both crops, promoting nutrient uptake. MT increased antioxidant enzyme activity, nitrogen and total chlorophyll contents while reducing O2-, H2O2 and malondialdehyde levels in oilseed rape silique walls and rice flag leaves, indicating delayed post-flowering senescence. Pre-flowering dry matter translocation rate and its contribution to yield significantly increased under MT, resulting in oilseed rape and rice yield increases of 23.9 % and 18.3 %, respectively. Furthermore, increasing planting density from 25 × 104 hills ha−1 to 37.5 × 104 hills ha−1 resulted in a 6.2 % and 11.2 % increase in rice yield, respectively, under the ST/NT and MT/NT, indicating that the yield of NT rice can be enhanced by further improving planting density under MT in the oilseed rape season.

Conclusion

Implementing MT in the oilseed rape season, followed by NT in the rice season, enhances crop yield by delaying post-flowering senescence and promoting pre-flowering dry matter translocation to seeds. This optimized tillage regime holds great potential as a sustainable paddy-upland rotation production technology with broad application prospects in China and beyond.
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
Field Crops Research
Field Crops Research 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
9.60
自引率
12.10%
发文量
307
审稿时长
46 days
期刊介绍: Field Crops Research is an international journal publishing scientific articles on: √ experimental and modelling research at field, farm and landscape levels on temperate and tropical crops and cropping systems, with a focus on crop ecology and physiology, agronomy, and plant genetics and breeding.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信