Heat transfer mechanism of spray cooling under vibrational conditions: Effects of spray volume flow rate and nozzle inclination angle

IF 6.4 2区工程技术 Q1 MECHANICS

International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI:10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108820

Meng Zhang , Xinwen Chen , Kun Liang , Zhaohua Li , Xiang Wang , Jinzuo Huang , Yuqi Qian , Hang Zhou

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Spray volume flow rate and nozzle inclination angle are key parameters affecting the heat transfer performance in spray cooling. However, under complex vibration conditions, the effects of spray volume flow rate and nozzle inclination angle on spray cooling heat transfer performance remain unclear. This study employs experimental research to systematically investigate the effects of different spray volume flow rates and nozzle inclination angles on spray cooling heat transfer performance under vibration conditions. Experimental results show that under vibration conditions, the heat transfer performance of spray cooling improves with an increase in spray volume flow rate. However, excessive flow rates increase droplet splashing, reducing the amount of coolant effectively involved in heat exchange, thus decreasing cooling efficiency. Under vibration conditions (amplitude of 2 mm, frequency of 25 Hz), when the nozzle inclination angle is 0°, and the spray volume flow rate is 3.2 × 10⁻² m³/m²·s, the cooling efficiency is 18 %, which is 27 % lower compared to the cooling efficiency at a spray volume flow rate of 2.0 × 10⁻² m³/m²·s. Moreover, appropriately increasing the nozzle inclination angle under vibration conditions can effectively suppress droplet splashing, thereby enhancing heat transfer performance. However, when the nozzle inclination angle is too large, the force of the droplets penetrating the liquid film is significantly reduced, thereby hindering direct heat exchange between the droplets and the heated surface. Under vibration conditions (amplitude of 2 mm, frequency of 25 Hz), when the spray volume flow rate is 2.0 × 10⁻² m³/m²·s, the optimal nozzle inclination angle is 15°, with a critical heat flux of 57.5 W/cm², which is 5 % and 11 % higher compared to the nozzle inclination angles of 0° and 30°, respectively. This study reveals the effects of spray volume flow rate and nozzle inclination angle on the heat transfer performance of spray cooling under vibration conditions, providing theoretical guidance for optimizing thermal management of high heat flux electronic devices.

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来源期刊

International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer 工程技术-力学

CiteScore

11.00

自引率

10.00%

发文量

648

审稿时长

32 days

期刊介绍： International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer serves as a world forum for the rapid dissemination of new ideas, new measurement techniques, preliminary findings of ongoing investigations, discussions, and criticisms in the field of heat and mass transfer. Two types of manuscript will be considered for publication: communications (short reports of new work or discussions of work which has already been published) and summaries (abstracts of reports, theses or manuscripts which are too long for publication in full). Together with its companion publication, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, with which it shares the same Board of Editors, this journal is read by research workers and engineers throughout the world.