Atypical mycobacteria infections of surgical sites: a case series.

IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q3 DERMATOLOGY
Sreevathsa M Ramachar, Nishan Shetty, Chaitra D Y
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Atypical mycobacteria (ATB) are a rare cause of surgical site infections (SSIs). They present with clinical features of erythema, induration, and sinus formation, which recur despite conventional treatment. Early diagnosis is difficult and requires a high index of suspicion for further investigations to confirm atypical mycobacterial infection. Treatment encompasses a combination of polymicrobial agents and surgical debridement.

Objective: To describe the clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, and treatment outcomes of atypical mycobacterial infections in surgical sites.

Materials and methods: Written informed consent was obtained from all participants in this observational retrospective descriptive study. Scientific and ethical clearance was granted by the Ethical Clearance Committee at M.S Ramaiah Medical College and Hospital, Bengaluru. The study included 5 female patients from a tertiary care hospital in Bengaluru, India, who presented with SSIs that did not resolve with standard treatment. Discharge or wound scrapings from these patients with delayed infections were examined for the causative agent, with ATB isolates identified using solid and liquid culture methods.

Results: ATB were isolated in 3 clean and 2 clean-contaminated surgeries, that is, in 60% and 40% of cases, respectively. Discharge alone did not yield growth in any of the cases (0%), whereas tissue scrapings revealed ATB in all 5 patients (100%). The most common organism cultured was Mycobacterium fortuitum (60%), followed by Mycobacterium abscessus (20%) and Mycobacterium chelonae (20%). Clarithromycin and ciprofloxacin alone for a period of 3 to 6 months yielded a 100% cure rate (5 of 5 patients).

Conclusion: ATB infections are a rare cause of postoperative SSIs. These infections require multimodal management, with complete resolution possible after appropriate therapy. This series emphasizes the significance of ATB infection of surgical sites as a notable cause of postoperative morbidity.

手术部位的非典型分枝杆菌感染:一个病例系列。
背景:非典型分枝杆菌(ATB)是引起手术部位感染(ssi)的罕见原因。临床表现为红斑、硬结、鼻窦形成,经常规治疗后仍会复发。早期诊断是困难的,需要高度怀疑的进一步调查,以确认非典型分枝杆菌感染。治疗包括多种微生物制剂和手术清创的结合。目的:描述手术部位非典型分枝杆菌感染的临床表现、诊断挑战和治疗结果。材料和方法:本观察性回顾性描述性研究的所有参与者均获得书面知情同意。科学和伦理许可是由班加罗尔m.s. Ramaiah医学院和医院的伦理审查委员会批准的。该研究包括来自印度班加罗尔一家三级医院的5名女性患者,她们表现为ssi,并没有通过标准治疗得到解决。对这些迟发性感染患者的分泌物或伤口擦伤进行病原体检查,并使用固体和液体培养方法鉴定ATB分离株。结果:清洁手术3例,污染手术2例,分别有60%和40%的病例分离出ATB。单独出院未导致任何病例(0%)的生长,而组织刮片显示所有5例患者(100%)的ATB。最常见的细菌培养是幸运分枝杆菌(60%),其次是脓肿分枝杆菌(20%)和龟分枝杆菌(20%)。单独使用克拉霉素和环丙沙星3至6个月的治愈率为100%(5例患者中有5例)。结论:ATB感染是术后ssi的罕见原因。这些感染需要多模式管理,在适当治疗后可能完全解决。这一系列强调手术部位ATB感染是术后发病率的重要原因。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.50
自引率
11.80%
发文量
77
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Wounds is the most widely read, peer-reviewed journal focusing on wound care and wound research. The information disseminated to our readers includes valuable research and commentaries on tissue repair and regeneration, biology and biochemistry of wound healing, and clinical management of various wound etiologies. Our multidisciplinary readership consists of dermatologists, general surgeons, plastic surgeons, vascular surgeons, internal medicine/family practitioners, podiatrists, gerontologists, researchers in industry or academia (PhDs), orthopedic surgeons, infectious disease physicians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants. These practitioners must be well equipped to deal with a myriad of chronic wound conditions affecting their patients including vascular disease, diabetes, obesity, dermatological disorders, and more. Whether dealing with a traumatic wound, a surgical or non-skin wound, a burn injury, or a diabetic foot ulcer, wound care professionals turn to Wounds for the latest in research and practice in this ever-growing field of medicine.
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